Planning for Closely Held Business Owners - 12 Financial Implications and Tax Treatment of Business Sales Flashcards

1
Q

What are business sales?

A

sales refer to any transactions where money or value is exchanged for the ownership of a good or entitlement to a service. In an accounting context, sales refers to a company’s revenue earned from the sales of products or services (net sales).

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2
Q

What are some examples of buisness sales?

A

Distribution sales: Businesses sell products to distributors who will then sell that same product to the consumer (groceries, pharmaceuticals, Walmarts, etc.) Service sales: Businesses sell services (tangible or digital) needed to run other businesses (consultants, software, etc.)

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3
Q

What is the tax treatment for private and public sales?

A

Public: Raising Capital. …
Gaining Higher Share Valuation. …
Funding for M&A Transactions. …
Reducing Corporate Debt. …
Maintaining Corporate Identity and Becoming Better Known.
Attracting and Retaining Employees. …
Time Commitment. …
Distraction from Business and Missed Opportunities

Private: Both buyers and sellers are spared having to make instant decisions: a buyer can consider a price he is willing to pay, while a seller can reflect on an offer before deciding to accept or refuse it.

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4
Q

What is the tax treatment for recapitalization?

A

A recapitalization is generally income tax-free. Under IRC §368(a)(1)(E), no gain need be recognized upon a so-called “E reorganization.” In order to be valid, the reorganization must have a legitimate business purpose, such as estate planning, beyond mere tax avoidance.

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5
Q

What is the tax treatment for SCINS?

A

As long as the purchase price and interest rate are reasonable, there’s no taxable gift involved.

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6
Q

What is the tax treatment for employee stock ownership plan (ESOP)?

A

And importantly, like a 401(k), an ESOP is tax-advantaged. Whatever portion of the company is owned by the ESOP pays no federal or state corporate income tax. That’s right – if a company is 100% owned by its employees through an ESOP, the government does not tax its profits at all.

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7
Q

What is the tax treatment for seller financing and third-party?

A

Seller financing can be used to defer capital gains taxes on the sale of a business or property. Deferring your capital gains tax means that you don’t have to pay taxes on the money you make from the sale until a later date. Typically, when a business is sold, the seller will pay taxes on the entire profit.

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8
Q

What is the tax treatment for private annuities?

A

If structured correctly per IRS rules, the private annuity is treated as a sale and not as a gift, so it is not subject to gift or generation-skipping transfer taxes. The private annuity reduces the estate of the annuitant for estate tax purposes.

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