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Business leadership > Planning > Flashcards

Planning Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following statements about planning and controlling is/are accurate
a. Even the best plans will have to be changed at some point due to an uncertain future
b. managers must be flexible in response to new circumstances
c. managers must have the discipline to maintain control when performance pressure are unrelenting
d. b and c
e. a, b, and c

A

E

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2
Q

Setting objectives and determining what should be dont to accomplish them is the essence of the management function of —
a. productivity improvement
b. controlling
c. leading
d. organizing
e. planning

A

E

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3
Q

— is the process of deciding exactly what one wants to accomplish and how to do it
a. sales forecasting
b. planning
c. needs analysis
d. demand estimation
e. program develpoment

A

B

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4
Q

— is the management function that establishes the platform for further managerial efforts
a. leading
b. planning
c. organizing
d. controlling
e. directing

A

B

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5
Q

In the planning process, — refer to the specific results or desired outcomes that one intends to achieve
a. guidelines
b. objectives
c. procedures
d. policies
e. alternatives

A

B

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6
Q

— is a statement of action steps to be taken in order to accomplish objectives
a. plan
b. solution
c. guideline
d. alternative
e. goal

A

A

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7
Q

Which of the following alternatives lists planning steps in proper order
a. define objectives, determine current standing relatives to objectives, evaluate current accomplishments, analyze and choose among possible action alternatives, and implement the plan and evaluate results
b. define objectives, develop premises regarding future conditions, determine current standing relative to objectives, analyze and choose among possible action alternatives, and implement the plan and evaluate results
c. define objectives, determine current standing relative to objectives, develop premises regarding future conditions, analyze and choose among possible action alternatives, and implement the plan and evaluate results
d. determine current standing relative to objectives, define objectives, develop premises regarding future conditions, analyze and choose among possible action alternatives, and implement the plan and evaluate results
e. develop premises regarding future conditions, define objectives, determine current standing relative to objectives, analyze and choose among possible action alternatives, and implement the plan and evaluate results

A

C

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8
Q

The planning process is a systematic way of approaching which of the following tasks?
a. Setting performance objectives
b. deciding how to best achieve performance objectives
c. ensuring that performance objectives have been attained
d. a and b
e. a, b, and c

A

D

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9
Q

Which of the following statements accurately describes the benefits of planning
a. planning improves action orientation
b. planning improves coordination
c. planning improves time management
d. a and b
e. a, b, and c

A

E

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10
Q

Which of the following statements about focus is correct?
a. an organization with focus knows what it does best
b. an organization with focus knows the needs of its customers and knows how to serve them well
c. an individual with focus knows where he or she wants to go in a career or situation and is able to retain that objective even in difficult circumstances
d. all
e. none

A

D

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11
Q

Which of the following statements about flexibility is/are correct
a. an organization with flexibility is willing and able to change and adapt
b. an organization with flexibility operates with an orientation toward the future
c. an individual with flexibility adjusts career plans to fit new and developing opportunities
d. all
e. none

A

D

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12
Q

— occurs when an organization chooses to allow itself to be carried along by the flow of events
a. planning coordination
b. planning control
c. complacency trap
d. strategic planning
e.forecasting

A

C

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13
Q

Without —, — lacks a framework for measuring how well things are going and what could be done to improve things
a. problem solving…organizing
b. planning…controlling
c. planning…leading
d. controlling…goal setting
e. planning…decision making

A

B

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14
Q

Without —,— lacks the follow-through needed to ensure that things work as planned
a. controlling…organizing
b. planning…controlling
c. controlling…leading
d.planning…problem solving
e. controlling…planning

A

E

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15
Q

Effective — involves choices about the allocation of time to the most important priorities
a. inventory management
b. cash management
c. time management
d. project management
e. strategic management

A

C

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16
Q

Good time management includes all of the following except
a. say no to requests that divert you fro what you really should be doing
b. have a system for screening telephone calls, e-mails, and requests for meetings
c. don’t let drop-in visitors or instant messages use too much of your time
d. follow priorities; work on the most important and urgent tasks first
e. do not leave details for others to address or for later

A

E

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17
Q

Which of the following statements accurately describe planning time horizons
a. sort-range plans cover one year or less into the future
b. intermediate-range plans cover a time frame of one to two years into the future
c. long-range plans cover a time frame of three or more years into the future
d. all
e. none

A

D

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18
Q

Which level of management spends more time with long-range planning
a. lower-level managers
b. middle-level managers
c. lower-level and middle-level managers
d. top-level managers
e. all levels of management

A

D

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19
Q

Which of the following are implications of research conducted by Elliot Jacques?
a. people vary in their capabilities to think out, organize, and work through events of different time horizons
b. most people work comfortably with only three-month time spans; smaller groups of people work well
c. managers working at different levels in the organization must plan over varying time horizons
d. all
e. none

A

D

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20
Q

— keeps making long-range planning shorter and shorter
a. international time
b. strategic time
c. internet time
d. Eastern Standard Time
e. Daylight Savings Time

A

C

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21
Q

— plans set board, comprehensive, and longer-term action directions for the entire organization
a. normal
b. single-use
c. strategic
d. tactical
e. operational

A

C

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22
Q

Strategic planning begins with —
a. tactical planning
b. vision
c. time management
d. forecasting
e. none

A

B

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23
Q

A — helps to implement all or parts of a strategic plans
a. strategic plan
b. tactical plan
c. long range plan
d. short range plan
e. functional plan

A

B

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24
Q

Company LMN, a toy manufacturer, has discovered that one of its suppliers has used lead based paint on one of its products. It is thanksgiving week. The executive committee has assembled a team to devise a plan to mitigate the issue. LMN is using —
a. tactical planning
b. strategic planning
c. functional planning
d. production planning
e. mitigation planning

A

A

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25
Q

All of the following are examples of functional plans except
a. logistic plans
b. facilities plans
c. human resources plans
d. operational plans
e. financial plans

A

D

26
Q

Plans that define what needs to be done in specific functions or work units in order to implement strategic plans and achieve strategic objectives are called
a. business plans
b. implementing plans
c. company plans
d. tactical plans
e. operational plans

A

E

27
Q

How are strategic plans and operational plans related
a. strategic plans and operational plans are unrelated
b. strategic plans define what needs to be done to implement operational plans
c. strategic plans are developed to meet long-term organizational objectives; operational plans implement strategic plans
d. Operational plans are developed to meet long-term organizational objectives; strategic plans implement operational plans
e. strategic plans set operational objectives; operational plans carry out those objectives

A

C

28
Q

Typical operational plans in a business would include all the following except
a. dealing with methods and technology needed by the people in their work
b. dealing with money required to support various operations
c. dealing with requirements of selling and distributing goods and services
d. dealing with company growth through mergers and acquisitions
e. dealing with recruitment, selection, and placement of people into jobs

A

D

29
Q

Production plans, financial plans, facilities plans, marketing plans, and human resource plans are all examples of — plans
a. strategic
b. operational
c. contingency
d. standing-use
e. flexible

A

B

30
Q

Policies and procedures that are used repeatedly are called —
a. single-use plans
b. standing plans
c. strategic plans
d. scheduling plans
e. individual plans

A

B

31
Q

— communicate broad guidelines for making decisions and taking action in specific circumstances
a. rules
b. procedures
c. policies
d. guidelines
e. regulations

A

C

32
Q

— or — describe exactly what actions are to be taken in specific situations
a. rules…procedures
b. rules…goals
c. procedures… policies
d. projects… project management
e. objectives… strategies

A

A

33
Q

— are often found in employee manuals as standard operating procedures
a. goals
b. rules
c. budgets
d. a and b
e. a and c

A

B

34
Q

Which of the following statements best distinguishes between procedures and policies
a. procedures help obtain organizational objectives; policies do not
b. procedures present a plan of action for specific situations; policies are broad guidelines
c. a procedure is a single-use plans; a policy is a standing plan
d. procedures guide ethics; policies guide fair employment
e. a procedure is a standing-use plan; a policy is a single-use plan

A

B

35
Q

When a university issues a statement that it “… will not tolerate sexual harassment in relation to the evaluation of employee or student performance …” a — plan in the form of an organizational — is being communicated
a. single-us…procedure
b. standing-use…rule
c. standing…procedure
d. single-use policy
e. standing…policy

A

E

36
Q

A — budget is defined as one that allocates a fixed amount of resources for a specific purpose
a. fixed
b. flexible
c. zero-based
d. contingency
e. comprehensive

A

A

37
Q

A — budget allows the allocation of resources to vary in proportion with various levels of activity
a. master
b. strategic
c. operational
d. flexible
e. zero-based

A

D

38
Q

In a chain pf discount department stores, personnel needs are estimated in three different ways: a. for a high demand season, b. for a medium demand season, and c. for a slack season. By taking these three activity levels into account, managers are developing a —
a. fixed budget
b. flexible budget
c. zero-based budget
d. standing-use plan
e. policy

A

B

39
Q

When a project or activity is budgeted in each new budget period as if it were brand new, a — budgeting approach is being used
a. fixed
b. flexible
c. zero-based
d. contingency
e. operational

A

C

40
Q

— refer to one-time activities that have clear beginning and end points
a. procedures
b. rules
c. projects
d. budgets
e. goals

A

C

41
Q

According to mankins and Steele writing in the Harvard Business Review, planning that is only engaged in periodically by organizations is called
a. calendar driven
b. strategy driven
c. tactic driven
d. functionally driven
e. cost driven

A

A

42
Q

— is the process of predicting what will happen in the future
a. contingency planning
b. visioning
c. identifying objectives
d. foretelling
e. forecasting

A

E

43
Q

Using the opinions of persons with special expertise to make predictions about the future is called
a. quantitative forecasting
b. guesswork
c. qualitative forecasting
d. contingency planning
e. expert planning

A

C

44
Q

Using mathematical and statistical analyses of historical data and surveys to predict future events is called —
a. quantitative forecasting
b. guesswork
c. qualitative forecasting
d. contingency planning
e. expert planning

A

A

45
Q

Planning that identifies alternative courses of action that can be implemented to meet the needs of changing circumstances is called —
a. formal planning
b. contingency planning
c. just-in-time planning
d. problem solving
e. just-in-case planning

A

B

46
Q

Which of the following statements about contingency planning is false
a. contingency planning occurs when planners decide the future will be identical to the past
b. contingency planning anticipates events that may occur in the future
c. contingency planning specifies different courses of action under different conditions
d. contingency planning focuses on early identification of possible shifts in future events
e. contingency planning contains trigger points that indicate when preselected alternative plans should be activated

A

A

47
Q

— is a long-term version of contingency planning
a. forecasting
b. benchmarking
c. participation
d. scenario planning
e. flexible budgeting

A

D

48
Q

Identifying alternative future states of affairs that may occur and then developing plans to deal with each case should it actually occur is known as —
a. forecasting
b. scenario planning
c. benchmarking
d. participation
e. contingency planning

A

B

49
Q

Royal Dutch/ Shell uses scenario planning to explore what the company would do if and when its oil supplies run out. For Royal Dutch/Shell, the benefits of scenario planning include which of the following?
a. it helps organization to plan ahead to make major adjustments in strategies and operations
b. it conditions the company’s executives to think
c. it enables the company to be better prepared than competitors for future shocks
d. all
e. none

A

D

50
Q

— is a technique that makes use of external comparisons to better evaluate one’s current performance and identify possible actions for the future
a. contingency planning
b. scenario planning
c. forecasting
d. management by objectives
e. benchmarking

A

E

51
Q

— is a planning technique that makes use of external comparisons to determine practices used by best-in-class companies in an effort to improve performance and identify possible actions for the future
a. contingency planning
b. benchmarking
c. scenario planning
d. forecasting
e. management by objectives

A

B

52
Q

The purpose of — is to find out what other people and organizations are doing very well, and planning how to incorporate these ideas into one’s own operations
a. contingency planning
b. scenario planning
c. benchmarking
d. forecasting
e. participation

A

C

53
Q

— refer to those things that are done by both competitors and non-competitors that enable them to achieve superior performance
a. competitive goodies
b. superior goals
c. non-competitive objectives
d. best practices
e. operating activities

A

D

54
Q

— are individuals who lead and coordinate the planning function for an organization as a whole or for one of its major components
a. staff planners
b. project managers
c. middle managers
d. line managers
e. collaborators

A

A

55
Q

An important risk associated with the use of staff planners is the — that can develop between staff planners and line managers
a. resistance to assistance
b. communication gap
c. skill discrepancies
d. argument
e. identity crisis

A

B

56
Q

Great goals - those that results in plans being unsuccessfully implemented with high performance - are all of the following except
a. specific
b. timely
c. measurable
d. challenging
e. functional

A

A

57
Q

A means-ends chain is also known as a
a. hierarchy of authority
b. hierarchy of objectives
c. control system
d. responsibility structure
e. zero-based budget

A

B

58
Q

In the means-ends chain, — objectives are ends that are directly tied to — objectives as the means for their accomplishment
a. lower-level…lower-level
b. lower-level…higher-level
c. medium-level…medium -level
d. higher-level..lower-level
e. higher-level…higher-level

A

D

59
Q

— requires that the planning process include people who will be affected by the resulting plans and/or will be asked to help implement them
a. contingency planning
b. scenario planning
c. strategic planning
d. participatory planning
e. benchmarking

A

D

60
Q

The use of participatory planning can produce all of the following benefits except
a. increase creativity planning
b. increase commitment of people for planning
c. increase acceptance of chosen alternatives
d. increase conflict over scarce resources
e. increase information available for planning

A

D

61
Q

Describe the difference between strategic and tactical plans.

A

Strategic plans are longer term plans that set board and comprehensive directions for an organization, and that create a framework for allocating resources for maximum long term performance impact. Strategic planning begins with a vision that clarifies the purpose of the organization and expresses what it hopes to be in the future. It involves determining the goals and objectives that will be pursued in order to accomplish that vision. Also, it specifies how the organization will be positioned for competitive advantage in its external environment to accomplish those goals and objectives.
Tactical plans are developed and used to implement strategic plans. They tend to be intermediate term plans that specify step by step means for using the organization’s resources to put strategies into action. In business, tactical plans often take the form of functional plans that indicate how different components of the enterprise will contribute to the overall strategy. Such functional plans might include:
Production plans—dealing with the methods and technology needed by people in their work;
Financial plans—dealing with money required to support various operations;
Facilities plans—dealing with facilities and work layouts;
Logistics plans—dealing with the supplies and the flow of raw materials and other product inputs.

62
Q
A

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