Planes and Axis

Question 1

What’s the Anatomical position? 4 points

Answer 1

1. Body in an upright position
2. Eyes looking forward facing the observer
3. Arms by the side with the palms of the hands facing forward
4. Feet flat on the ground toes directed forward

Question 2

What are the 3 main planes of movement?

Answer 2

Transverse, frontal and sagittal

Question 3

Frontal plane

Answer 3

front and back, (anterior and posterior) also called the coronal plane

Question 4

Transverse plane

Answer 4

upper and lower (superior and inferior) also called the horizontal plane

Question 5

sagittal plane

Answer 5

equal left and right sides

Question 6

midsagittal plane

Answer 6

A vertical cut down the exact center line of the specimen that separates the left half from the right half.

Question 7

parasagittal plane

Answer 7

A vertical cut that is off-center that separates the left of the specimen from the right in unequal portions.

Question 8

oblique plane

Answer 8

An oblique plane in the anatomical position describes any plane that is not in any of the coronal, sagittal, median or horizontal planes.

Question 9

X axis/ frontal (medio-lateral)

Answer 9

passes from side to side

Question 10

Z axis/ sagittal (Anterior-Posterior)

Answer 10

passes from front to back

Question 11

Y axis/ longitudinal (Superior/Inferior)

Answer 11

passes from top to bottom

Question 12

movement at x axis

Answer 12

Flexion and Extension

Question 13

movement at Z axis

Answer 13

Abduction and Adduction

Question 14

movement at Y axis

Answer 14

Rotational/Twist, Axial Rotation and Rotation of extremities

Question 15

X axis/ frontal goes with which plane?

Answer 15

Sagittal plane

Question 16

Z axis/ sagittal goes with which plane?

Answer 16

Frontal plane

Question 17

Y axis/ longitudinal goes with which plane?

Answer 17

Transverse plane

Question 18

Movement Example for: Z axis, Frontal plane

Answer 18

Cartwheel

Question 19

Movement Example for: X axis, sagittal plane

Answer 19

somersault

Question 20

Movement Example for: Y axis, transverse

Answer 20

Pirouette

Question 21

medial

Answer 21

midline eg sternum

Question 22

lateral

Answer 22

away from the midline of the body eg head of the humerus

Question 23

inferior

Answer 23

bottom eg feet

Question 24

superior

Answer 24

top eg head

Question 25

distal and proximal

Answer 25

arms and legs

Question 26

proximal

Answer 26

closer towards the attachment onto main part of body

Question 27

distal

Answer 27

towards fingertips/ further from connection to body

Question 28

anterior

Answer 28

towards the front eg breastbone

Question 29

posterior

Answer 29

towards the back heart vs breastbone

Question 30

superficial (external)

Answer 30

toward or at the body surface

Question 31

deep (internal)

Answer 31

away from the body surface more internal eg lungs

Question 32

ipsilateral

Answer 32

on the same side right hand and right foot

Question 33

contralateral

Answer 33

on opposite sides eg right hand left foot