Plan Of Analysis Flashcards
What type of data is being collected in the university of Miami survey and it is characterized?

The data is collected is quantitative and ordinal consisting of self reported responses from college students. Ordinal data means that the responses have a rank order. For example, the frequency of prayer and frequency of religious services Attendance are or data because they are categories into ranks from from never to more then one a day. The SWB Is quantitative data because it represents numerical values that qualify the level of well-being from 1-7 . 
What is ordinal data?
Unlike nominal data ordinal is like strongly agree, agree neutral. They are relative and not absolute. it’s commonly used for satisfaction level, for example, very satisfied, neutral, dissatisfied ( SWB). However there is statistical analysis, limitation it cannot be used in certain statistic operations like mean or standard deviation however, median and mode can be used and non-paramedic statistical test are often applied to analyze ordinal data.
What is the purpose of a signing random subject ID to each participants in the survey?
To maintain anonymity and ensure confidentiality in the analysis process . 
Describe the range and meaning of the data point concerning the frequency of prayer in the survey.
The frequency of prayer is measured on a scale from 1 to 5 where 1 signifies never 5 indicates daily. The data point assesses how often participants engaging prayer providing insight into the religious practices .
How is subjective well being value calculated in the survey?
The subject well being is computed by averaging the responses to each component item of SWLS . This calculated value aims to provide quantitative measure of participants overall well-being.
Describe the type of data collected in the survey, and how participants are identified.
The survey collects quantitative and ordinal data from self reported responses of college student at the university of Miami. Participants are identified through arbitrary subject id assigned for analysis purposes, each participant is associated with four data points. Subject ID, frequency of prayer frequency of religious service attendance, and a well- being value based on the satisfaction with live scale.
What does it mean DUREL two items? 
There are two questions that they have to answer.
1. How often do you attend to religious meetings?(1-6) more then once week to never
2. How often do you spend time in private religious activities such as prayer meditation or Bible study? (1-6) more then once week to never 
What does it mean SWLS 5 items?
 five statements that one might agree or degree , using 1 to 7 scale.( from strongly agree to seriously disagree.)
For example, 1. In most ways, my life is close to ideal or 2. the condition of my life are excellent 3. I am satisfied with my life 4. so far I have gotten the important things I want in life, 5. if I could leave my life over, I would change almost nothing .  
What does it mean given the data points are ordinal and quantitative in nature, they may violate assumption of normality .
The statement suggests that because the data consist of ordinal (rank order) and quantitative values. It might not fit the pattern expected in normal distribution ( a bell curve) . Normal distribution assumptions are crucial for many statistical tests. Assume these assumptions aren’t meant result of such test might be not reliable. ( 
How is the hypothesis (that there is a positive correlation between frequency of prayer and service attendance and subjective well being ) tested? 
Two Spearmen’s rank correlation will be conducted. If frequency of prayer displays a strong positive correlation with well-being ( meaning how someone prays and their level of well being) then the value of test (Rs) should be greater than 0.7 with p<0.05 (additionally p-value should be less than 0.05 meaning the results are statistically significant, and there is 5% chance that the observed correlation happened by accident). Likewise, if frequency of religious service, attendance display a strong positive correlation with well-being, then the value of the set ( Rs) should be greater than 0.7 with p<0.05( ramsey1989)
Why Pearson correlation coefficient is computed?
 As a point of exploratory analysis a Pearson correlation coefficient will also be computed. Although Pearson’s correlation assumes interval data and a normal distribution, its inclusion is very valuable for comparison. (This statement indicates that if attending religious services frequently has a strong positive positive relationship with well-being than Spearmen’s rank correlation coefficient (Rs) for this relationship would be greater than 0.7. Additionally, the p-value should be less than 0.5 signifying that the results are statistically significant with a less than 5% probability that such a strong correlation could occur by chance).
Meaning this allows for comprehensive comparison of data’s linear relationship in enreaching the analysis by offering insight into how different variables may correlate under traditional statistical assumption.
This statement means that if there is strong positive relationship between how often someone prays and their level of well-being, the sSpearman’s rank correlation coefficient (Rs) would be more than 0.7, indicating a strong association. Additionally the value should be less than 0.05 meaning the results are statistically significant, and there is less than a 5% chance that the observed correlation happened by accident. 
What does it mean by contrasting Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficient the shape of fit in the data (linear vr nonlinear, but monotonic) can be tested?
If the correlation is linear, it is expected that the Pearson’s r value will be greater than 0.5 with p<0.05. If the correlation is nonlinear, but still positive, it is expected that Pearson are value may be less than 0.5 while, Rs>0.7 and Spearman’s p < 0.05
What does it mean standard divination 2.29 in the context when mean age is 21?
This suggests that most people in the group are between 18.04 years old (21-2.96) and 23.96 years old (21+2.96).
