Plains Indians Flashcards
Who were the Plains Indians?
Originally came from North Asia then spread throughout North America
Why did the Indians live on the Plains?
Diseases like cholera and smallpox had killed many
Trade goods - Their enemies had guns
Horse were needed for hunting
Advantages of living on the Plains
Wild fruit grew Variety of animals and birds Lots of land Rivers- water supply Easy to hunt
Disadvantages of living on the Plains
Extreme temps, lows of -35 and highs of 40
Strong winds
No trees
Sandstorms
Blizzards in winter and drying up land in summer
Why was the tipi ideal or the Indians life on the plains?
Children were safe and secure, enough space for elderly,
Easy to move, women were allowed to decorate it, easy to clean, kept you warm and cool.
What happened in the Warriors Society ?
All men belonged to this, they were responsible for hunting, travelling and protecting the village from attack
Who recorded the Plains Indians?
George Caitlin (1796-1872) - artist who wanted to make a collection of drawings and paintings to form an Indian gallery. Francis Parkman (1823- 1893) Write a book- oregan trial Colonel Richard I Dodge U.s Army - wrote book
How was Indian life organised?
Sioux Nation - never led by one individual, consists of many tribes
Tribes - led by chiefs of bands and advised by councillors, consists of many bands
Each band, is led by chief, is advised by a council of men and is influenced by a warrior society
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Communication Chance Science and tech Warfare Education Religion Organised government Other Individuals
How important were the buffalo to the sioux
clothing - shoes Tipi Water collector Carry the babies - papoose food Weaponry
Hunting the buffalo
Ceremonial buffalo dance, or dressed as wolves and shot the buffalo with arrow. Or stampeed of a cliff
Using horses
They would chase them and shoo them with their own arrows - so they know that the buffalo is theirs
What were the buffalos horns, skull and hooves used for?
Horns- straightener, cups, arrows, fire carriers, head dress, ladles and spoons, and toys
Skull- Religious ceremonies
Hooves- glue, rattles and tools
What was the buffalos dung, tail, fur and flesh used for?
dung - was used for fuel and smoked in ceremonies
tails - fly swats, ornaments, whips
Fur - Decoration on clothes, stuffing for saddles and pillows, mittens and rope
Flesh - cooked, dried and mixed with fat and wild cherries for pemmican
What were the buffalos tanned hide and raw hide, bladder and intestines used for?
tanned hide= bags, bedding, blankets, boots, drums, dresses, saddles, tipi covers etc.
Raw hide = containers, shields, string and lashings
Bladder = Food bags
Intestines = buckets and cooking vessels
