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Repro Week 4 > Placenta Problems > Flashcards

Placenta Problems Flashcards

1
Q

what is the amnion?

A

innermost lining of sac around fetus

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2
Q

what is the chorion?

A

outermost lining of sac around fetus

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3
Q

what is the decidua?

A

endometrium of the pregnant uterus

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4
Q

what is the placenta?

A

extr-embryonic fetal tissue that allows for nutrient and gas exchange

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5
Q

what is the chorionic villus?

A

placental structure where nutrient and gas exchange actually occurs

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6
Q

what forms the chorionic villi?

A

villous trophoblast

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7
Q

what forms the non villous parts of the placenta?

A

extravillous trophoblast

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8
Q

mature placental villi have what linings?

A

external syncytiotrophoblast lining and internal cytotrophoblast lining

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9
Q

villous blood vessels hold what type of blood?

A

fetal blood

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10
Q

maternal blood is where in placenta?

A

intervillous spaces

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11
Q

what are the three blood vessels in the UC?

A

two umbilical arteries and an umbilical vein

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12
Q

dizygotic twins always have what type of placenta?

A

dichorionic diamniotic

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13
Q

what are risk factors for multiple gestations

A

fertility drugs

advanced maternal age

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14
Q

what is twin twin transfusion syndrome?

A

unbalanced blod flow in anastomotic vessels within the shared placenta…blood transfer from donor to recipient twin

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15
Q

what does recipient twin have in twin transfusion syndrome?

A

polycythemia, polyhydramnios

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16
Q

what does donor twin have in twin transfusion syndrome?

A

anemia
growth retardation
oligohydramnios

17
Q

what type of twin pregnancy has risk of twin transfusion syndrome?

A

monochorionic

18
Q

what is placental infection called?

A

acute chorioamnionitis

19
Q

what is pathogenesis of acute chorioamnionitis ?

A

ascending infection from lower gyn tract

20
Q

what is not involved in acute chorioamnionitis ?

A

chorionic villi

21
Q

what organisms often cause acute chorioamnionitis ?

A

GBS, gram negative enteric flora, anaerobes

22
Q

what are sx of acute chorioamnionitis ?

A

maternal fever, uterine tenderness, tachycardia and foul amniotic fluid

23
Q

how do fetal membranes apper in acute chorioamnionitis ?

A

cloudy, opaque and yellow

24
Q

what is placental abruption?

A

premature separation of placenta from the decidua…prior to delivery

25
Q

what are sx of placental abruption?

A

pain, uterine bleeding and contractions

26
Q

what can happen to fetus in placental abruption?

A

fetal distress and hypoxia

27
Q

what is placental previa?

A

placenta that overlies or is proximate to the internal os of the cervix

28
Q

what is increased risk with placental previa?

A

massive blood loss

29
Q

what usually occurs with placental previa? when?

A

hemorrhage around 32-34 weeks

30
Q

does placenta previa hurt?

A

NO

31
Q

what are some risk factors for placental abruption?

A

smoking, cocaine, HTN

32
Q

what is vasa previa?

A

when fetall vessel travel in the membrane that covers the cervix rather than in the UC

33
Q

what can happen to fetal vessels in vasa previa?

A

they can rupture and get catastrophe

34
Q

what is placenta accreta?

A

placenta morbidly aadherant to the uterine wall

35
Q

what is pathogenesis of placenta accreta?

A

deficiency of maternal decidua at implantation resulting in abnormal placental attachment to myometrium

36
Q

what is vasa previa a common cause of?

A

3rd trimester bleeding

37
Q

what can happen in placenta accreta that is big risk?

A

post partum hemorrhage

38
Q

what is retained in placenta acreta?

A

placenta

39
Q

name three subtypes of placenta accreta

A

accreta adheres
increta invades
perceta perforated

Repro Week 4 (8 decks)

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