Placenta Problems

Question 1

what is the amnion?

Answer 1

innermost lining of sac around fetus

Question 2

what is the chorion?

Answer 2

outermost lining of sac around fetus

Question 3

what is the decidua?

Answer 3

endometrium of the pregnant uterus

Question 4

what is the placenta?

Answer 4

extr-embryonic fetal tissue that allows for nutrient and gas exchange

Question 5

what is the chorionic villus?

Answer 5

placental structure where nutrient and gas exchange actually occurs

Question 6

what forms the chorionic villi?

Answer 6

villous trophoblast

Question 7

what forms the non villous parts of the placenta?

Answer 7

extravillous trophoblast

Question 8

mature placental villi have what linings?

Answer 8

external syncytiotrophoblast lining and internal cytotrophoblast lining

Question 9

villous blood vessels hold what type of blood?

Answer 9

fetal blood

Question 10

maternal blood is where in placenta?

Answer 10

intervillous spaces

Question 11

what are the three blood vessels in the UC?

Answer 11

two umbilical arteries and an umbilical vein

Question 12

dizygotic twins always have what type of placenta?

Answer 12

dichorionic diamniotic

Question 13

what are risk factors for multiple gestations

Answer 13

fertility drugs

advanced maternal age

Question 14

what is twin twin transfusion syndrome?

Answer 14

unbalanced blod flow in anastomotic vessels within the shared placenta…blood transfer from donor to recipient twin

Question 15

what does recipient twin have in twin transfusion syndrome?

Answer 15

polycythemia, polyhydramnios

Question 16

what does donor twin have in twin transfusion syndrome?

Answer 16

anemia
growth retardation
oligohydramnios

Question 17

what type of twin pregnancy has risk of twin transfusion syndrome?

Answer 17

monochorionic

Question 18

what is placental infection called?

Answer 18

acute chorioamnionitis

Question 19

what is pathogenesis of acute chorioamnionitis ?

Answer 19

ascending infection from lower gyn tract

Question 20

what is not involved in acute chorioamnionitis ?

Answer 20

chorionic villi

Question 21

what organisms often cause acute chorioamnionitis ?

Answer 21

GBS, gram negative enteric flora, anaerobes

Question 22

what are sx of acute chorioamnionitis ?

Answer 22

maternal fever, uterine tenderness, tachycardia and foul amniotic fluid

Question 23

how do fetal membranes apper in acute chorioamnionitis ?

Answer 23

cloudy, opaque and yellow

Question 24

what is placental abruption?

Answer 24

premature separation of placenta from the decidua…prior to delivery

Question 25

what are sx of placental abruption?

Answer 25

pain, uterine bleeding and contractions

Question 26

what can happen to fetus in placental abruption?

Answer 26

fetal distress and hypoxia

Question 27

what is placental previa?

Answer 27

placenta that overlies or is proximate to the internal os of the cervix

Question 28

what is increased risk with placental previa?

Answer 28

massive blood loss

Question 29

what usually occurs with placental previa? when?

Answer 29

hemorrhage around 32-34 weeks

Question 30

does placenta previa hurt?

Answer 30

NO

Question 31

what are some risk factors for placental abruption?

Answer 31

smoking, cocaine, HTN

Question 32

what is vasa previa?

Answer 32

when fetall vessel travel in the membrane that covers the cervix rather than in the UC

Question 33

what can happen to fetal vessels in vasa previa?

Answer 33

they can rupture and get catastrophe

Question 34

what is placenta accreta?

Answer 34

placenta morbidly aadherant to the uterine wall

Question 35

what is pathogenesis of placenta accreta?

Answer 35

deficiency of maternal decidua at implantation resulting in abnormal placental attachment to myometrium

Question 36

what is vasa previa a common cause of?

Answer 36

3rd trimester bleeding

Question 37

what can happen in placenta accreta that is big risk?

Answer 37

post partum hemorrhage

Question 38

what is retained in placenta acreta?

Answer 38

placenta

Question 39

name three subtypes of placenta accreta

Answer 39

accreta adheres increta invades perceta perforated