Placenta and Fetal Membranes

Question 1

What is the extraembryonic coelom?

Answer 1

It is the hollow cavity outside of the embryo

Question 2

What is the extraembryonic somatic mesoderm?

Answer 2

Lining the trophoblast and covering of the amnion

Question 3

What is the extraembryonic Splanchnic mesoderm?

Answer 3

Lining of the yolk sac (umbilical vesicle)

Question 4

The connecting stalk is derived from what?

Answer 4

Extraembryonic somatic mesoderm

Question 5

What is primitive blood derived from and where is it formed?

Answer 5

1) Derived from extraembyronic splanchnic mesoderm and it is formed in the wall of yolk sac

Question 6

A chorion has contributions from what three sources?

Answer 6

1) Extraembyronic Somatic Mesoderm
2) Synctiotrophoblasts
3) Cytotrophoblasts

Question 7

What main event occurs at the end of the 2nd week?

Answer 7

The embryo embeds in the epithelial lining of the endometrium

Question 8

What is the most common site for implantation?

Answer 8

Posterior uterine wall

Question 9

What is a tubal pregnancy?

Answer 9

It is where the embryo has embedded within the uterine tube and not the uterus

Question 10

What is the basic pathology of a Hydatidiform Mole?

Answer 10

It is a abnormal proliferation of the trophoblast and increased hCG is produced

Patient will have hyperemesis gravidium (morning sickness), pelvic pressure or pain, uterus growth, and + HCG test, but no fetal HRT beat

Question 11

What is the etiology of a complete Hydatidiform Mole?

Answer 11

1) Fertilization of an empty oocyte, followed by a duplication of sperm
2) or, fertilization of an empty oocyte via two sperm

Question 12

What is the etiology of a partial Hydatidiform Mole?

Answer 12

Fertilization of a normal oocyte via two sperm

Question 13

What is a Choriocarcinoma?

Answer 13

Malignant Tumor which develops from a Hydatiform mole

Question 14

The Amnion and Amnionic Cavity begin to develop around what time?

Answer 14

Week two

Question 15

What is an etiology for Oligohydraminos?

Answer 15

Renal Agenesis

Question 16

What are some etiologies for Polyhydraminos?

Answer 16

Ancephaly, Esophogeal Atresia, & Hypoplastic Lungs

Question 17

What is Amniotic Band Syndrome?

Answer 17

It is where bands of the aminon come off and have a tourniquet like effect on the appendages of the fetus

Question 18

When are the primary chorionic villi formed?

Answer 18

Days 13-14

Question 19

When are the secondary chorionic villi formed?

Answer 19

Days 15-18

Question 20

When are the tertiary chorionic villi formed?

Answer 20

Days 19-21

Question 21

What is the Decidua Basalis?

Answer 21

Part of the decidua that is deep to the conceptus; embryo

Question 22

What is the Decidua Capsularis?

Answer 22

Superificial part of the decidua overlying the conceptus

Question 23

What is the decidua parietalis?

Answer 23

Remaining parts of the decidua, overlying the conceptus, outer part

Question 24

What is the Placenta Accreta?

Answer 24

It is an abnormal adherence of the chroionic villi to the myometrium

Question 25

What is the placenta increta?

Answer 25

Chorionic Villi penetrate into the myometrium

Question 26

What is placental Percreta?

Answer 26

It is where the chorionic villi penetrate through the myometrium to the uterine serosa or adjacent organs

Question 27

What is Placental Previa?

Answer 27

It is vaginal bleeding beyond 20 weeks, d/t abnormal placment of the placenta. Either due to marginal, partial, or complete placement of placenta over the cervix