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Obs Gynae > Placenta > Flashcards

Placenta Flashcards

1
Q

Hemochorial

A

Maternal and fetal blood does not mix

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2
Q

Deciduate

A

Shed of

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3
Q

Discoidal

A

Shape

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4
Q

Placenta at term

A

500gm

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5
Q

Placenta volume at term

A

500ml

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6
Q

Ration of placenta : fetal wt at term

A

1:6

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7
Q

Period of gestation when placental weight : fetal weight

A

17 weeks

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8
Q

Functional unit of maternal placenta

A

Lobule aka cotyledon

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9
Q

Placenta is attached to which side

Fetal or maternal

A

Fetal side

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10
Q

Taltala surface area for gaseous exchange on maternal side is

A

12m square

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11
Q

Stages of development Of villi

A

Primary -day 13 it is solid
Secondary - day 16 it is mesodermal core
Tertiary Villus - day 21 it contains vessels

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12
Q 
Maternal blood is present in which space 
Villus or intervillus
Amount of Blood present 
How many spiral arteries 
O2 saturation of intervillus space 
Partial pressure of O2 in IV space 
Rate of O2 delivery to foetus
A 
Intervillus 
140ml 
120
65-75%
35-40mmHg
8 ml/kg/min
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13
Q 
When does placenta begins formation (anatomical)
Finishes formation (anatomical)
Physiologically it keeps maturing till
A

6 weeks

16 weeks 3rd trimester

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14
Q

Which of the following is true for term placenta

  1. No trophocytoblast
  2. Syncitio blast increases
  3. Stroma constant
  4. Hoffbauer - fetal macrophages
  5. Fetal capillaries decreases
A

1and 4 are correct
2,3,5 are wrong
2 - syncitioblast decreases (thin)-(thickness)
3 - stroma decreases
5 - fetal capillaries increase : they move towards periphery of villus

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15
Q

Which of the functions of placenta is most imp

A

Endocrinology function

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16
Q

Placental hormones

A

Estrogen
Progesterone
HpL
HCG

17
Q

What helps in maintaining of corpus luteum in Px

A

HCG

18
Q

Placenta takes over function of progesterone secretion at

A

8 weeks

8-10 weeks

19
Q

When does corpus luteum of pregnancy degenerates

A

12 weeks

20
Q

Precursor for progesterone synthesis

A

LDL cholesterol of mom

21
Q

Estrogen specific to pregnancy is

A

E3 (estriol)

22
Q

Which estrogen is produced in maximum amount at term

A

E2 (estradiol)

23
Q

Does placenta produce E by itself
If yes why?
If no why?

A

No placenta does not produce E by itself b/c it lacks 17 OH Lase
It takes help of foetus adrenal gland by secreting DHEAS (Dihydroepiandrosterone sulphate)- not cortisol and this makes placenta

24
Q

Names for HPL

A

Placental growth hormone (older days )
NOW
Human placental lactogen
Human chorionic somatomammotrophin

25
Q

Source of HPL/progesterone/estrogen/steroid

A

Syncitiotrophoblast

26
Q

HCS can be detected in how many weeks of gestation in maternal serum

A

3 weeks

27
Q

Production of HpL is maximum at what time

A

At term
1 gm per day
Where as progesterone is only 250mg

28
Q

Hormone which tells about fetal well being

A

HCS

29
Q

Which hormone is responsible for fetal growth

A

Insulin/ insulin like growth factor

30
Q

Unique endocrinology function of HPL

Significance

A

Insulin resistance
Insulin or insulin like growth factor is responsible for the fetal growth
By making insulin resistance it avoids excessive growth of foetus

31
Q

T1/2 of HPL

A

30 days

32
Q

Which subunit is specific for HCG

A

Beta subunit

33
Q

Alpha and beta subunits of HCG closing resembles

A

Alpha - non specific for HCG resembles LH/FSH/TSH

Beta - specific for HCG closely resembles LH (differs by 8 A.A)

34
Q

HCG is secreted by which cells

A

Syncytiotrophoblast

35
Q

When can HCG be found in maternal serum

A

8th day post fertilisation

36
Q

T1/2 of HCG

Doubling time of HCG

A

24hrs (24-36 hrs)

48hrs (1.4-2 days)

37
Q 
Arrange in order of highest sensitivity test for HCG
FIA (Fluoroscent immunoassay)
IRMA 
ELISA 
RIA (radio immunoassay)
RRA (radioreceptor assay)
A

FIA>RIA>ELISA=RRA>IRMA

38
Q

Critical titre value for TVS (transvaginal

A

1500 IU

Since TVS is operator dependant therefore range may vary from 1000-2000 IU HCG BETA

39
Q

Critical titre value for trans abdominal scan

A

6500 IU

Obs Gynae (7 decks)

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