Placenta

Question 1

Placenta

Answer 1

6 layers of tissues that can separate mother from offspring

Question 2

Placenta

Maternal tissues

Answer 2

Blood vessel endothelium

Connective tissue

Epithelium of endometrium

Question 3

Placenta

Fetal tissue

Answer 3

Chorion

Connective tissue

Blood vessel endothelium

Question 4

Epitherlial-Chorial Placenta

Answer 4

maternal epithelium of the endometrium is in contact with the fetal chorion - No erosion of the epithelium

Sow, Mare

Have all 6 layers of hte tissue intact throughout pregnancy

Cattle, Sheep (modified epithelial-chorial AKA Syndesmo-chorial)

Question 5

Endothelial-Chorial Placenta

Answer 5

Maternal blood vessel endothelium is in contact with fetal chorion - the uterine epithelium is eroded over sites of contact with the chorion

2 layers of tissue (epithelium and connective tissue of endometrium) have been removed at fetal-maternal contact sites

Dogs, Cats, and Other

Question 6

Hemochorial Placenta

Answer 6

Maternal blood is in direct contact with the fetal chorion

3 layers of tissue have been removed at fetal-maternal contact sites

Primates, rats, mice, guinea pigs

Question 7

Hemoendothelial

Answer 7

Rabbit

5 layers of tissue have been removed at fetal-maternal contact sites

Epithelium and connective tissue of the endometrium, maternal blood vessel endothelium, placental chorion, and placental connective tissue

Question 8

Chorionic Villous Pattern

Porcine

Answer 8

Diffuse

Question 9

Chorionic Villous Pattern

Equine

Answer 9

Diffuse, microcotyledonary

Question 10

Chorionic Villous Pattern

Bovine, Ovine, Caprine

Answer 10

Cotyledonary

Caruncle → maternal

Cotyledon → fetal

Question 11

Chorionic Villous Pattern

Zonary

Answer 11

Canine, Feline

Question 12

Chorionic Villous Pattern

Discoid

Answer 12

Primates, Rodents

Question 13

Male reproductive Tract

Answer 13

Consists of testicles and secondary sex organs

Epididymis, vas deferens, and penis - transport sperm from the testicle to the female reproductive tract

Ampulla - dilation in vas deferens that pools sperm during ejaculation

Three accessory sex glands: Seminal vesicles, porstate and bulbourethral gland

Question 14

Testicle functions

Answer 14

produce spermatozoa

Produce testosterone

Question 15

Testicle location

Answer 15

outside the body cavity in the scrotum (many mammals)

Essential for normal sperm formation since this occurs only at a temperature several degrees below normal body temperature

Question 16

Pampiniform Plexus

Answer 16

found in the neck of the scrotum and serves as important thermoregulatory function

Complex venous netwrok that surrounds the testicular artery and functions as a countercurrent heat exchanger to reduce testicular temperature

Question 17

Seminiferous tubules

Answer 17

made up of sertoli cells and layers of germ cells

Question 18

Who has what accessory sex gland?

Bull, Stallion, Boar, Dog, Tom

Seminal vesicle, Prostate, Bulbourethral gland

Answer 18

Question 19

Penis

Answer 19

Copulatory organ - deposits semen inot vagina or cervix/uterus

Some species have a fibroelastic penis, some have a very vascular penis and some have a bone in the penis

Species with an os penis tend to acheive an erection only after intromission has occurred

Question 20

Answer 20

Question 21

Chromosomal Abnormalities

Answer 21

XXX syndrome, XXXY syndrome, XO syndrome are occasionally ientified in animals

These animals often appear normal and are only identified if they are anestrous or fail to conceive offspring

Question 22

Intersexes

mismatch of chromosomal - gonadal - phenotypic sex

Answer 22

Includes: hermaphrodites, pseudohermaphrodites, and freemartins

Intersexes are more common in goats than in other species

Question 23

Hermaphrodite

Answer 23

Both ovarian and testicular tissue are present

The amount of testicular tissue present determin the extent of masculinization of the internal and external genitalia

Genetically-linked trait and both parents and all siblings should be remvoed from the breeding population