pk1 Flashcards
What artery forms the primary capillary plexus and where is it located?
Artery: Superior hypophyseal artery
Located: In the hypothalamus
What veins form the secondary capillary plexus and where is it located?
Long portal veins
What does the inferior hypophseal artery supply?
The posterior pituitary
What is the reason for the two plexuses?
The reason for these plexuses is that the hormones from the hypothalamus enter the primary plexus then travel through the secondary plexus to the anterior pituitary to stimulate the release of its hormones.
What are the hormones of the hypothalamus?
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
Prolactin-releasing hormone
Prolactin-inhibiting hormone
Growth hormone-releasing hormone
Somatostatin
What are the hormones released by the secondary plexus (anterior pit)?
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Luteinizing hormone
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyrotropin)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Prolactin
Growth hormone
What two embryological structures form the pituitary gland?
The rathke’s pouch (anterior pituitary) and the diverticulum (infundiblum) forms the posterior pituitary gland
What are the 4 trophic and 2 non trophic hormones of the anterior pituitary gland?
4 Trophic Hormones (from the anterior pituitary):
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH):
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH):
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH):
Luteinizing Hormone (LH):
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Non-Trophic Hormones (from the anterior pituitary):
Growth Hormone (GH, or Somatotropin):
Prolactin (PRL):
Acts directly on the mammary glands to stimulate milk production.
What are the three cell types found in the tissues of the adenohypophysis that are characterized based on appearance?
Basophils (blue and large)
Acidophils (pink and large)
Chromophobes (Purple and small very round)
Label
What are somatotropes and what is their function?
They are: Acidophils
Function: Release GH and effect the liver and cause it to release IGF1
