Pituitary Tumours (non-functioning) Flashcards
Define Pituitary Tumours (non-functioning)
Clinically non-functional adenomas (CNFPAs), a pituitary tumour with no hypersecretion of hormone
Micro-adenoma = <1cm Macro-adenoma = ≥1cm
Aetiology and risk factors of Pituitary Tumours (non-functioning)
Unknown
Monoclonal in origin
Hypothalamic hormones + other local growth factors may promote growth of already transformed cell clones
RF:
MEN-1
Familial isolate pituitary adenomas (FIPA)
Carney complex (CNC)
Symptoms of Pituitary Tumours (non-functioning)
Mass effect: vomiting, drowsiness, vision problems
Headaches (SOL: worse in the morning and leaning forward + vomiting)
Visual loss
Seizures
Hypogonadism Hypothyroidism Adrenal insufficiency Diabetes insipidus Prolactin raised -> galactorrhoea
Signs of Pituitary Tumours (non-functioning) on examination
Mass effect: Visual field defects (bitemporal hemianopia) Cranial nerve neuropathies Hydrocephalus CSF rhinorrhoea
Investigations for Pituitary Tumours (non-functioning)
Full pituitary evaluation (Bloods)
GH/IGF-1 | prolactin | TFTs | LH/GH/testosterone/oestradiol | ACTH/cortisol
MRI: micro or macro adenoma
Visual field assessment: normal or unilateral/bitemporal field defect