Pituitary gland & Hypothalamus

Question 1

what connects the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland?

Answer 1

the infundibulum

Question 2

what is the course of the non-trophic hormones from the hypothalamus?

Answer 2

neurohormones from the hypothalamus travel to the posterior pituitary via axons where they are then released into the blood

Question 3

do trophic or non trophic hormones from the hypothalamus travel tot he anterior or posterior pituitary?

Answer 3

trophic hormones travel via capillaries to the anterior

non-trophic hormones travel via axons to the posterior pituitary where they are then released into the blood

Question 4

what are the hypothalamic ‘releasing hormones’?

Answer 4

thyrotropin releasing hormone
corticotrophin releasing hormone
growth hormone releasing hormone
gonadotropin releasing hormone 
prolactin releasing hormone

Question 5

what are the hypothalamic ‘inhibiting hormones’?

Answer 5

growth hormone inhibiting hormone aka somatostatin

prolactin inhibiting hormone aka dopamine

Question 6

how is the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary connected?

Answer 6

by the hypothalami-hypophyseal portal system

Question 7

what are the hormones released from the anterior pituitary?

Answer 7

thyroid stimulating hormone aka thyrotropin
adrenocorticotrophic hormone aka corticotropin
follicle stimulating hormone
luteinising hormone
grwoth hormone
prolactin

Question 8

what hormone produced from the anterior pituitary is non-trophic?

Answer 8

prolactin

directly stimulated milk production from breast tissue

Question 9

what are the 2 gonadotrophin hormones?

Answer 9

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
luteinising hormone (LH)

Question 10

what hormones does the posterior pituitary release?

Answer 10

vasopressin

oxytocin

Question 11

what type of hormones are vasopressin and oxytocin?

Answer 11

peptide

Question 12

what is the main function of vasopressin?

Answer 12

water balance

vasopressin is ADH

Question 13

what is the main function of oxytocin?

Answer 13

milk ejection and uterine contraction

Question 14

what is the release of vasopressin triggered by?

Answer 14

increase in plasma osmolarity

decrease in plasma vol / blood pressure

Question 15

what is the difference between primary, secondary and tertiary endocrine disorders?

Answer 15

primary = defect is in the cell that secretes the hormone
secondary = defect is in the release of the tropic hormone from the pituitary
tertiary = defect is in the hypothalamus

Question 16

what is a hypophysiotrophic hormone?

Answer 16

hormone released from the hypothalamus which causes the release of a trophic hormone from the anterior pituitary

Question 17

where are neurohormones released from?

Answer 17

hypothalamus

posterior pituitary