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Endocrine > Pituitary gland > Flashcards

Pituitary gland Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the pituitary gland?

A

In the middle cranial fossa of the brain

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2
Q

What is its main function?

A

Regulating the activity of the six other major endocrine glands that release hormones essential from growth and development

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3
Q

How is the pituitary gland connected to the brain?

A

Connected to hypothalamus via the pituitary stalk

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4
Q

Why are the two different parts of the pituitary gland different?

A

They have different embryological origins

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5
Q

Name the two different parts of the pituitary gland.

A

Anterior and posterior lobe

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6
Q

Where does the anterior lobe arise from?

A

An outpouching of the roof of the pharynx - called Rathke’s pouch

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7
Q

What type of epithelium is the anterior gland made of?

A

Glandular epithelium

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8
Q

Name the 3 divisions of the anterior pituitary gland.

A

Pars anterior - largest part responsible for hormone secretion

Pars intermedia - Thin epithelial layer that seperates pars anterior from posterior lobe

Pars tuberalis - upwards extension of pars anterior

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9
Q

What controls the release of hormones in the pituitary gland?

A

The hypothalamus

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10
Q

Where does the posterior lobe arise from?

A

Embryonic forebrain - it is in essence an extension of the hypothalamus

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11
Q

What is the posterior lobe made up of?

A

Nervous tissue

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12
Q

What hormones does the posterior lobe secrete?

A

ADH (anti-diuretic hormone)

Oxytocin

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13
Q

Briefly what does ADH do?

A

Responsible for control of blood osmolality

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14
Q

Briefly what does oxytocin do?

A

Milk secretion and initiates labour

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15
Q

Are ADH and oxytocin produced in the posterior lobe?

A

No! Produced in hypothalamus but stored in posterior pituitary gland ready for release

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16
Q

What hormones does the anterior pituitary secrete?

A 
Growth hormone
FSH
LH
Prolactin
Thyroid stimulating hormone
ACTH (Adrenocorticotrophic hormone)
17
Q

What does prolactin do?

A

Promotes milk production

and many more

18
Q

What does ACTH stand for and do?

A

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone

Stimulates production and release of cortisol from the adrenal cortex

19
Q

What does growth hormone do?

A

Promotes growth in children

Maintains normal body structure and metabolism in adults
including control of blood glucose levels

Endocrine (8 decks)

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