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LS - The Endocrine System > Pituitary Gland > Flashcards

Pituitary Gland Flashcards

1
Q

What does the pituitary gland do?

A
  • acts as the chemical coordinator of most of the other endocrine glands
  • often called the ‘master gland’
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2
Q

Where is the pituitary gland situated?

A
  • at the base of the brain by a short stalk
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3
Q

What is another name for the pituitary?

A
  • the hypophysis
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4
Q

What hormones are secreted by the pituitary?

A
  • Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
  • Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
  • Luteinizing hormone (LH)
  • Prolactin
  • Interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH)
  • Growth hormone (GH) or somatotrophic hormone (STH)
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5
Q

What does thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) do?

A
  • stimulated the thyroid gland to secrete thyroxin
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5
Q

What does follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) do in females?

A
  • stimulates oogenesis in the ovary
  • (the formation of eggs)
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6
Q

What does follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) do in males?

A
  • stimulates spermatogenesis in the testes
  • (sperm formation)
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7
Q

What does luteinizing hormone (LH) do?

A
  • stimulates ovulation (release of an egg) from the ovary
  • and the formation of the corpus luteum
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8
Q

What does prolactin do?

A
  • stimulates the production of milk in the female mammary glands after the birth of the baby
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9
Q

What does interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH) do?

A
  • stimulates the testes to secrete testosterone
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10
Q

What does growth hormone (GH)/somatotrophic hormone (STH) do?

A
  • promotes skeletal and muscular growth
  • by stimulating the synthesis of proteins
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11
Q

What is hypersecretion?

A
  • over secretion of a hormone
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12
Q

What is hyposecretion?

A
  • under secretion of a hormone
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13
Q

What does prepubertal hypersecretion of growth hormone result in?

A
  • overdevelopment of the skeleton
  • known as gigantism
  • usually caused by a tumour in the pituitary gland
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14
Q

What does prepubertal hyposecretion of growth hormone result in?

A
  • underdevelopment of the skeleton
  • known as pituitary dwarfism
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15
Q

What are some of the features of pituitary dwarfism?

A
  • reduced height with normal body proportions
  • not mentally retarded but often sexually immature
16
Q

What does over-secretion of growth hormone cause in adults?

A
  • acromegaly
  • a condition where the bones of the face, hands and feet are enlarged
  • the thickening of soft tissues leads to enlarged features and an enlarged tongue

LS - The Endocrine System (12 decks)

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