Pituitary gland

Question 1

how does negative feedback work

Answer 1

as a hormone increases in conc it inhibits the release of another hormone

Question 2

how many hormones does the anterior pituitary gland release

Answer 2

7

Question 3

what are the 7 hormones the anterior pituitary release

Answer 3

FSH
LH
ACTH
GH
TSH
Prolactin
Melanocyte stimulating hormone

Question 4

what hormones does the posterior pituitary release

Answer 4

ADH

OXYTOCIN

Question 5

blood supply to the anterior pituitary

Answer 5

none

receives blood supply through a portal venous system from hypothalamus

Question 6

what is the hypothalamus

Answer 6

collection of brain nuclei
connects to almost all other areas of brain
important for homesotasis

control of endocrine function via pituitary

Question 7

what hormones does the hypothalamus release

Answer 7

thyrotropin releasing hormone TRH
corticotropin releasing hormone CRH
gondatropin releasing hormone

dopamine

Question 8

when is GH released

Answer 8

by low glucose
exercise
sleep

Question 9

action of growth hormone

Answer 9

linear growth in children
acquisition of hormone
stimulates protein synthesis . lipolysis
psychological well being

Question 10

what is prolactin used for

Answer 10

stimulates the production of breast milk

Question 11

what is the HPA axis for

Answer 11

in response to stress hypothalamic pituitary axis

to release cortisol

Question 12

how does the HPA AXIS WORK

Answer 12

Hypothalamus releases CRH-
Causes the ant pituitary to release ACTH to act on adrenal gland
adrenal releases cortisol from zona fasiculata
too much cortisol inhibits acth thus allowing for negative feedback

Question 13

what is crh

Answer 13

corticotropin releasing hormone

Question 14

what is acth

Answer 14

adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 15

what is the HPS or Insulin growth factor for

Answer 15

regulates the growth and development of childrn

Question 16

how does the HPS axis work

Answer 16

hypothalamus releases GHRH +ve and somastatin -ve
causes ant pituitary to release GH
GH acts on the liver to make insulin like growth factor

Question 17

what does insulin like growth factor promote

Answer 17

skeletal growth and bone
density
muscle strength
protein synthesis

Question 18

Which of the anterior and posterior pituitary produces its own hormones

Answer 18

The anterior pituitary produces and releases its own hormones, under the regulation of hormones made by the hypothalamus

Question 19

Which layer of the adrenal cortex is responsible for the secretion of cortisol?

Answer 19

zona fasiculata

Question 20

how does the hpg axis work in men

Answer 20

Hypothalamus releases gnrh
Causes ant pituitary to release FSH and lh
Causes the testes to release testosterone

Negative :
When conc of testosterone in blood is too high then the test inhibits the release of gnrh from hypothalamus and lh ans fsh from ant pituitary

Question 21

what does hpg axis mean

Answer 21

hypothalamic pituitary gonadatropin releasing hormone axis

Question 22

what does LH in men do

Answer 22

stimulates leydig cells which causes the testes to release testosterone

Question 23

how does the HPP axis work

Answer 23

hypothalamus releases TRH in response to baby suckling on boob
this causes ant pit to releases prolactin which causes lactation
too much prolactin in blood then dopamine is released to inhibit prolactin

Question 24

where is oxytocin synthesised

Answer 24

hypothalamus- paraventricular nucleus

Question 25

Function of oxytocin

Answer 25

Acts on breast milk to allow milk to move through laciferous ducts to be expressed through the nipple
On the uterus causing uterine contractions

Question 26

Where is ADH SYNTHESISED

Answer 26

supraoptic nucleus in the hypothalamus