pituitary and adrenal Flashcards
hormones released by the anterior pituitary gland
ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH, GH, prolactin
ACTH
secretion of glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoids, and androgens
FSH
growth of the reproductive system
LH
sex hormone production
GH
promotes growth; lipid and cholesterol metabolism
prolactin
secretion of estrogens and progesterone; milk production; spermatogenesis; prostate hyperplasia
hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary gland
oxytocin and vasopressin
oxytocin
uterine contraction and lactation
vasopressin
stimulates water retention; raises blood pressure by contracting arterioles
common pituitary disorders
panhypopituitarianism, excess in growth hormone, growth hormone deficiency, hyperprolactinemia
panhypopituitarianism
deficiency in ACTH, Gn, GH, TSH; excess PRL
primary panhypopituitarianism
secretory issue in pituitary gland
secondary panhypopituitarianism
hypothalamus or other pituitary stimulus disorder
causes of panhypopituitarianism
surgery, trauma, radiation, ischemia, infection
treatment for panhypopituitarianism
replace deficient hormones; glucocorticoids, sex hormones, and levothyroxine (occasionally GH)
gigantism
excess in GH in children
acromegaly
excess in GH in adults
treatment for excessive growth hormone
DA agonists
Somatostatin analogues
GH antagonists
DA agonists
bromocriptine and cabergoline
somatostatin analogues
octreotide and lanreotide
GH antagonists
pegvisomant
GHD in adults
prior history of GHD as a child, GHD secondary to structural lesion or trauma, idiopathic GHD
GHD in children
congenital GHD, acquired GHD
GHD treatment
GH analogues and GHRH analogues