Pitot-Static System

Question 1

Indicated Altitude

Answer 1

read directly from the altimeter when set to the current altimeter setting

Question 2

True Altitude

Answer 2

the vertical distance of the aircraft above sea level (MSL). Airport, terrain, and obstacle elevations on aeronautical charts are true altitudes

Question 3

Absolute Altitude

Answer 3

the vertical distance of an aircraft above the terrain, or above ground level (AGL). It may be read on a radio/radar altimeter

Question 4

Pressure Altitude

Answer 4

indicated altitude with altimeter set to 29.92 in. Hg. Pressure altitude is used to compute density altitude, true altitude, true airspeed (TAS), and other performance data

Question 5

Density altitude

Answer 5

pressure altitude corrected for variations from standard temperature

Question 6

Indicated Airspeed (IAS)

Answer 6

IAS is shown on the dial of the instrument, uncorrected for instrument or system erros

Question 7

Calibrated Airspeed (CAS)

Answer 7

CAS is the speed at which the aircraft is moving through the air, which is found by correcting IAS for instrument and position errors. The POH/AFM has a chart or graph to correct IAS for these errors and provide the correct CAS for the various flap and landing gear configurations

Question 8

Equivalent Airspeed (EAS)

Answer 8

EAS is CAS corrected for compression of the air inside the pitot tube. EAS is the same as CAS in standard atmosphere at sea level. As the airspeed and pressure altitude increase, the CAS becomes higher than it should be, and a correction for compression must be subtracted from the CAS

Question 9

True Airspeed (TAS)

Answer 9

TAS is CAS corrected for nonstandard pressure and temperature. TAS and CAS are the same in standard atmosphere at sea level. Under nonstandard conditions, TAS is found by applying a correction for pressure altitude and temperature to the CAS

Question 10

White arc

Answer 10

flap operating range

Question 11

Lower limit of white arc (V_S0)

Answer 11

stall speed or minimum steady flight speed in landing configuration (gear and flaps down)

Question 12

Upper limit of the white arc (V_FE)

Answer 12

maximum speed with the flaps extended

Question 13

Green arc

Answer 13

normal operating range

Question 14

Lower limit of green arc (V_S1)

Answer 14

stall speed or minimum steady flight speed obtained in a specified or clean configuration

Question 15

Upper limit of green arc (V_NO)

Answer 15

maximum structural cruising speed. Do not exceed this speed except in smooth air

Question 16

Yellow arc

Answer 16

caution range; fly within this range only in smooth air, and then, only with cuation

Question 17

Red line (V_NE)

Answer 17

never exceed speed; operating above this speed is prohibited; may result in damage or structural failure