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AGK > Piston Engines > Flashcards

Piston Engines Flashcards

1
Q

You are flying a multi engine propeller aircraft. During the cruise, the critical engine fails. Which configuration creates the most stress on the rudder

A

Aft CG, skid toward the critical engine

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2
Q

A piston engines compression ratio is the ratio of…

A

The cylinder volume with the piston at bottom dead centre to the cylinder volume at top dead centre

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3
Q

When excessively leaning the mixture of a piston engine for a better fuel economy, but still on the rich side of the peak EGT, what engine parameters may exceed their normal operating range ?

A

Cylinder head and exhaust gas temperature

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4
Q

Which of the following statements is correct regarding aircraft engine turbochargers ?

A) The waste-gate is situated in the inlet manifold

B) when the waste gate is fully open the turbocharger is running at full speed.

C) the waste gate actuator is controlled by the waste gate

D) the waste gate diverts exhaust gas to drive the turbine

A

D) the waste gate diverts exhaust gas to drive the turbine

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5
Q

If detonation occurs in a normally aspirated piston engine during climb- out, the normal corrective action is to…. ?

A

Retard the throttle

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6
Q

Apart from flight into known icing conditions, the intake system of a diesel engine….

A

Is never heated because a diesel engine is a injection engine

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7
Q

Dual ignition for a piston engine provides a factor of reliability and…. ?

A

Improves combustion efficiency

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8
Q

The power output of a diesel engine without a turbo charger is regulated by…?

A

Fuel flow only

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9
Q

When changing power on piston engines equipped with a constant speed propeller, engine over boost is avoided by…?

A

Increasing the RPM before increasing the manifold pressure

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10
Q

Consider a variable pitch propeller operating in a low RPM/ High pitch condition. When feather is selected, the

A

Condition lever ( pitch control) is moved to the feather position and the blades move from high pitch directly to the feather position

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11
Q

The part of a piston engine that transforms reciprocating movement into rotary motion is called the ?

A

Crankshaft

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12
Q

What is correct with regards to ice accretion in piston engine induction systems ?

A

Ice accretion affects both fuel injection systems and engines equipped with carburettors

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13
Q

If the ground wire between the magnetos and the ignition switch of a piston engine becomes disconnected the most noticeable result will be that….

A

The engine cannot be shut down by turning the ignition switch to the OFF position

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14
Q

A piston engine may use a fuel or a different grade than the recommended…?

A

Provided that the grade is higher

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15
Q

When applying precautionary carburettor heating on a reciprocating engine with a fixed pitch propeller ?

A

The mixture becomes richer

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16
Q

Consider a variable pitch propeller operating in a high RPM/ low pitch condition. To select reverse thrust, the….?

A

Power lever is moved to the reverse position and the blades move from low pitch directly to reverse pitch

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17
Q

Cooling air for reciprocating engine is brained by means of…?

A

Ram air

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18
Q

The purpose of a distributor in an ignition system of a piston engine is to distribute….?

A

Secondary current to the speaking plugs

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19
Q

The turbocharger waste gate is located in (1)……… and the maximum compressor RPM is achieved when the valve is (2)……..?

A

(1) turbine

(2) closed

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20
Q

Consider a pistol engine aircraft with a constant speed propeller. Upon reaching cruising altitude when less power is required, engine power is ?

A

Reduced by lowering the manifold pressure and increasing the blade angle, to decrease RPM

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21
Q

Both gas turbines and piston engines use a cycle made up induction, compression, combustion and exhaust phases. Which of the following statement about a piston engine are correct ?

1) the process in a piston engine is continuous

2) theoretically the combustion occurs at constant volume

A

1) incorrect

2) correct

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22
Q

The air in a piston engine turbocharger enters the centrifugal compressor at ?

A

The eye of the impeller and leaves it almost at a tangent to the periphery

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23
Q

Vapour lock is….

A

A blockage in a fuel feed line caused by a vapour bubble

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24
Q

The operating principle of a float-type carburettors is based on the

A

Difference in air pressure at the Venturi throat and the air inlet

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25
Q

A piston engine aeroplane with a fixed pitch propeller is flying at normal cruising speed when one magneto fails completely. The initial response of the engine is…

A

A loss of approximately 100 rpm

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26
Q

Excessive pressure in the cylinders of a piston engine equipped with a constant speed pitch propeller, can be caused by the combination of….

A

High manifold pressure and low RPM

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27
Q

After start of a piston engine, correct operation of the pitch adjustment system of a constant speed propeller can be confirmed by altering the propeller control lever and checking indications on the…

A

Tachometer

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28
Q

In the event of an engine failure during flight in a single engine aeroplane not fitted with a feathering system, the blades of a constant speed propeller tend to move…

A

Towards the smallest blade angle by centrifugal twisting moment and/or spring force

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29
Q

The compression ratio of a piston engine is a ratio of…

A

Volumes

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30
Q

In s piston engine, applying carburettors heat decreases the (1)……. Of air entering the engine, thereby making the mixture (2)……….

A

1)Density
2)richer

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31
Q

What is the recommended step to take in case you experience detonation during take off ?

A

Reduce the throttle

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32
Q

The main purpose of a turbocharger is to….

A

Maintain power with increasing altitude

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33
Q

In a piston engine, if the ground wire between one of the magnetos and the ignition switch becomes disconnected, the most noticeable result will be that the engine….

A

Cannot be shut down by turning the switch to the off position

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34
Q

What is the engine control element the pilot may expect on the flight deck of an aircraft with a piston engine controlled by FADEC

A

Crank Switch

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35
Q

A multi engine piston aircraft both the propellers rotate clockwise as seen from the cockpit. In a go around, one of the engines fails. Which of the following situations will most probably need the pilot to use full rudder deflection ?

A

LEFT ENGINE FAILURE, LEFT CROSSWIND

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36
Q

What may happen to a piston engine during a continuous climb with a mixture setting fully rich ?

A

Fouling of spark plugs

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37
Q

The safest method of priming a piston engine for starting is….

A

Injection of fuel in the cylinder intake ports

38
Q

What is a correct statement regarding the effect of application of the carb heat

A

The density of the air entering the carburettor is reduced, which enriches the fuel/air mixture

39
Q

The primary function of the lubrication system of an air cooled piston engine is to….

A

Reduce internal friction and provide cooling

40
Q

The magneto in a piston engine ignition system is switched off by…

A

Grounding both the primary and secondary circuits

41
Q

The purpose of the Venturi in a carburettor is to…..

A

Create the suction necessary to cause fuel to flow through the carburettor main jets

42
Q

Consider a fuel injection system. Which is the central point from where fuel is distributed to the individual cylinders ?

A

Manifold pressure

43
Q

In reference to piston engines, what is meant by the term ‘swept volume ?

A

The volume displaced by the piston during a single stroke

44
Q

For a piston engine, pre ignition refers to the condition that may arise when…

A

The mixture is ignited by abnormal conditions within the cylinder before the spark occurs at the plug

45
Q

If the manifold pressure gauge of a piston engine shows an increase shortly after carburettor heat is turned on, it indicates that….

A

Ice was forming in carburettor

46
Q

When applying carburettor heating what happens to the mixture

A

The mixture becomes richer

47
Q

What should the pilot do if a piston engine aircraft experiences detonation during climb out

A

Decrease manifold pressure

48
Q

If a manifold pressure gauge consistently registers atmospheric pressure, the cause is probably…….

A

Leak in pressure gauge line

49
Q

Complete the following sentence:

High humidity (1)………… piston engine power output, because air density is (2)…………..

A

(1) decreases

(2) lower

50
Q

When the pilot moves the mixture lever of a piston engine towards a leaner position the…..

A

Amount of fuel entering the cylinders is reduced

51
Q

For take-off, the correct combination of propeller pitch (1), and propeller lever position (2) for a piston engine at brake release is…..

A

(1) low

(2) forwards

52
Q

Given the following statements about diesel engines:

1) power is set by the mixture control
2) there is no control
3)the amount of power is determined by the fuel flow only
4)thermal efficiency is higher than that for a petrol engine
5)diesel fuel is more inflammable than petrol

The combination that regroups all of the correct statements is…..

A

2,3,4

53
Q

“Vapour lock” is the phenomenon by which…..

A

Vapour bubbles block the fuel line

54
Q

What is the purpose of cowl flaps on an aeroplane ?

A

Air flow across the engine is increased when they are open, which increases cooling efficiency

55
Q

Which of the following options is a way that FADEC can enhance piston engine operation ?

A

Automatically altering ignition timing with changes in RPM

56
Q

What are the actions to unfeather a variable pitch prop…..

A

Push the propeller lever forward into the normal operating range which results in a blade angle producing thrust.

57
Q

The pilot of a turbocharged MEP aircraft is climbing with maximum continuous power set until reaching the cruising altitude of 10,000 ft. The pilot levels off and initially maintains power to accelerate to cruise speed. Which of the following actions are required to reduce fuel consumption

A

Decrease power by reducing manifold pressure and increase the propeller blade angle using the RPM lever.

58
Q

What option is a desired characteristic for piston engine fuel ?

A

Good anti knock properties

59
Q

The blade Angle of a constant speed propeller….

A

Increases with increasing true air speed

60
Q

The conditions most likely to produce the highest engine power are….

A

Cold and dry air at high pressure

61
Q

The main reason for opening the cowl flaps is to control the…..

A

C.H.T (CYLINDER HEAD TEMPERATURE)

62
Q

The function of a diffuser (compensating jet) is to…..

A

Maintain a constant mixture in a piston engine at low and high power settings

63
Q

How can FADEC systems on piston engines usually achieve a level of redundancy ?

A

Each engine is fitted with two FADEC computers

64
Q

With regard to piston engines, once the engine has started, the ignition system is

A

Independent of the aircraft electrical system

65
Q

The camshaft of a piston engine rotates at…..

A

Half the speed of the crankshaft

66
Q

One of the primary purposes of a propeller reduction gearing system is to…..

A

Limit the propeller rotation speed to a value below which efficient operation can be obtained

67
Q

Which one of the following situations might cause a higher than normal oil pressure indication ?

A

A stuck oil pressure relief valve.

68
Q

Assuming the RPM and throttle levers are not altered, when TAS increases the blade angle of a constant speed propeller will

A

Increase

69
Q

The power of a piston engine measured by a friction brake is

A

Brake horse power

70
Q

What may be controlled by FADEC in a piston engine ?

A

The mixture ratio and ignition timing

71
Q

The conditions which can cause detonation in a piston engine are….

A

High manifold pressure and low rpm

72
Q

The function of an accelerator pump in the carburettor of a piston engine is to…

A

Enable proper functioning of a piston engine during throttle advance

73
Q

In the cockpit of a FADEC controlled single engine piston aircraft with a variable pitch propeller, what engine control levers would you expect to have ?

A

Power/ throttle lever only

74
Q

What is a turbocharger used for in a piston aero-engine ?

A

To compensate for the decrease in MAP with increasing altitude

75
Q

The ignition system of a running piston engine receives electrical energy from……

A

Rotating permanent magnets

76
Q

Inside a reciprocating engine, the connecting rods and the crankshaft convert the (1)…………. Motion of the (2)…….. into (3)………… motion

A

(1) linear; (2) piston; (3) rotary

77
Q

There is a gradual loss of oil from the engine lubrication system. Which of the following indications can be expected as a result of this leak

A

Low/fluctuating oil pressure, high oil temperature

78
Q

The application of carburettor heating reduces the……

A

Density of air entering the carburettor, thus enriching the mixture.

79
Q

What is one of the new features provided by full authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC) in modern piston aircraft engines ?

A

Ignition timing control

80
Q

When detonation is recognised in a piston engine, the correct procedure is to…..

A

Reduce manifold pressure and full enrich the mixture

81
Q

The use of carburettor heating during take off and climb is discouraged because of the…..

A

Loss of power and increased risk of detonation

82
Q

Aircraft fuel tanks should be checked for water…….

A

Before the first flight of the day because condensation may arise overnight

83
Q

What is the safest way to prime a piston engine for start-up?

A

Injecting fuel straight into the inlet valves

84
Q

An impulse magneto coupling in a piston engine…….

A

Retards the spark during the engine starting

85
Q

With regard to a piston engine, the sections of the carburettor where icing would most likely occur are the…..

A

Venturi and the throttle valve

86
Q

A FADEC piston engine has two……………to achieve redundancy.

A

Power supplies and two separate but identical channels

87
Q

An EGT (exhaust gas temperature) indicator for a piston engine is used to…….

A

Assist the pilot to set the correct mixture

88
Q

A piston engine compression ratio is the ratio of the…..

A

Total volume to the clearance

89
Q

An intercooler fitted between a supercharger and the inlet manifold will…..

A

Minimise the risk of detonation

90
Q

The formula to calculate the total displacement of a multi-cylinder piston engine is…….

A

Piston area * piston stroke * number of cylinders

91
Q

The thermal efficiency of a piston engine is about……

A

30%

AGK (3 decks)

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