Pipe1 Flashcards
Flows through multi - loop systems may be computed by:
a. ) any closed - form solution of simultaneous equations
b. ) the Hardy-Cross method
c. ) trial and error
d. ) all of the above
all of the above
What is the pressure at the exit of a draft tube in a turbine?
a. ) below atmospheric
b. ) vacuum
c. ) atmospheric
d. ) gage
Atmospheric
Which of the following is not a similarity between a submerged culvert and a siphon?
a. ) they both operate full
b. ) Torricelli’s equation holds
c. ) Both can experience entrance and exit losses
d. ) In both, the water flows downhill
Torricelli’s equation holds
The volume flow passes through a venturimeter is:
a. ) increasing
b. ) decreasing
c. ) constant
d. ) varying
Constant
The matching of scale model and full-scale results for a fluid dynamic phenomena involving compressible fluids requires equality of:
a. ) Reynolds number
b. ) Froude number
c. ) Cauchy number
d. ) Mach number
Mach number
The fact that a fluid’s velocity increases as the cross sectional area of the pipe through which it flow decreases due to:
a. ) Bernoulli’s equation
b. ) The continuity equation
c. ) The momentum equation
d. ) The perfect gas law
The continuity equation
Once could expect the possibility of Froude number similarity in all of the following cases except:
a. ) Surface ships
b. ) Surface wave motion
c. ) Flow over weirs
d. ) Closed-pipe turbulent pipe flow
Closed-pipe turbulent pipe flow
One could expect the possibility of Froude number similarity in all of the following cases except:
a. ) motion of a fluid jet
b. ) flow over spillways
c. ) surge and flood waves
d. ) subsonic airfoils
Subsonic airfoils
One could expect the possibility of Reynolds number similarity in all of the following cases except:
a. ) pumps
b. ) fans
c. ) turbines
d. ) weirs
Weirs
Flow measuring devices include all of the following except:
a. ) flow nozzles
b. ) venture area meters
c. ) pitot tubes
d. ) precision tachometer
Precision tachometers
The following are examples indirect (secondary) measurements to measure flow rates using obstruction meters except:
a. ) pitot static meters
b. ) static pressure probes
c. ) weight and mass scales
d. ) direction - sensing probes
Weight and mass scales
The lowest portion to storage basing from where the water is not drawn is:
a. ) bottom storage
b. ) sub-soil storage
c. ) spring reserve
d. ) dead storage
Dead storage
In turbine installation, the air is removed from the condenser by:
a. ) air pump
b. ) air injector
c. ) air ejector
d. ) air compressor
Air Ejector
A type of water turbine where a jet of water is made to fall on the blades or buckets and due to the impulse of water, the turbine starts to move
a. ) Pelton wheel
b. ) Steam turbine
c. ) Francis turbine
d. ) Reaction turbine
Pelton wheel
An impulse turbine are used for:
a. ) low head
b. ) medium head
c. ) high head
d. ) very low head
High Head
In a hydro-electric plant using a Francis turbine with medium head, the speed can be regulated using the:
a. ) deflector gage
b. ) nozzle
c. ) wicket gate
d. ) weir
Wicket gate
Venturi meters, pitot static gauges, orifice meters, flow nozzles, and differential manometers all depend upon the relationship between:
a. ) flow velocity and friction
b. ) flow velocity and pressure
c. ) friction and pressure
d. ) pressure and mass flow
Flow velocity and pressure
Flow measuring devices include all of the following except:
a. ) orifice plate meters
b. ) hot-wire anemometers
c. ) magnetic flow meters
d. ) mercury barometer
Mercury barometer
The water hammer phenomenon is primarily what kind of fluid mechanics?
a. ) Static (a phenomena independent of time)
b. ) Dynamic (a time-dependent phenomena)
c. ) Compressible
d. ) Incompressible
Dynamic (a time-dependent phenomena)
In series pipe systems, all of the following parameters vary from section to section except:
a. ) pressure drop
b. ) friction loss
c. ) head loss
d. ) mass flow
Mass flow
All of the following are forms of drag on a body moving through a fluid except:
a. ) skin friction
b. ) wake drag
c. ) profile drag
d. ) d’ Alembert’s paradox drag
d’ Alembert’s paradox drag
In the absence of any heat and work interactions and and changes in potential energy, the stagnation enthalpy of a fluid remains constant during:
a. ) unsteady flow
b. ) steady flow
c. ) turbulent flow
d. ) variable flow
Steady flow
Flow measuring devices include all of the following except:
a. ) venturi meters
b. ) static pressure probes
c. ) turbine and propeller meters
d. ) magnetic dynamometers
Magnetic dynamometers
Once could expect the possibility of Reynolds number similarity in all of the following cases except:
a. ) pumps
b. ) fans
c. ) trubines
d. ) weirs
Weirs
Expansion factors take into account the:
a. ) area of the vena contracta
b. ) small effect of friction and turbulence of the orifice
c. ) changes in diameters of a converging pipe
d. ) effects of compressibility
Effects of compressibility
A vena contracta in a fluid jet issuing through a hole in a plate is located approximately:
a. ) 10 diameters downstream of the hole
b. ) at jet’s minimum diameter
c. ) at the orifice minimum diameter
d. ) at the orifice maximum diameter
At jet’s minimum diameter
In the deep well installation or operation, the difference between static water level and operating water level is known as ___
a. ) suction lift
b. ) drawdown
c. ) priming level
d. ) clogging
Drawdown
The primary purpose of a turbine in a fluid loop is to:
a. ) add energy to the flow
b. ) add mass to the flow
c. ) extract energy from the flow
d. ) none of the above
Extract energy from the flow
The coefficient of discharge is the ratio of the:
a. ) area of vena contracta to the orifice area
b. ) actual discharge to the theoretical discharge
c. ) actual velocity to the theoretical velocity
d. ) effective head to the actual head
Actual discharge to the theoretical discharge
All of the following fluid phenomena are based on the force momentum principle of a flowing fluid except:
a. ) turbines
b. ) Pelton wheels
c. ) Diesel automobile engines
d. ) jet engines
Diesel automobile engines
The lowest portion to storage basin from where the water is not drawn is:
a. ) bottom storage
b. ) sub-soil storage
c. ) spring reserve
d. ) dead storage
Dead storage
The following are all examples of indirect (secondary) miscellaneous methods to measure flow except:
a. ) turbine and propeller meters
b. ) pitot static meters
c. ) positive displacement meters
d. ) magnetic flow meters
Positive displacement meters
The magnitude of the drag coefficient of a sphere in water is dependent upon all of the following except:
a. ) fluid density
b. ) fluid viscosity
c. ) units of measure (SI or English Engineering System)
d. ) drag force
Units of measure (SI or English Engineering System)
A draft tube is a part of which power plants?
a. ) Diesel engine power plant
b. ) Gas turbine power plant
c. ) Steam power plant
d. ) Hydro-electric power plant
Hydro-electric power plant
Flows through multi-loop system may be computed by:
a. ) any closed-form solution of simultaneous equations
b. ) the Hardy-Cross method
c. ) trial and error
d. ) all of the above
All of the above
The coefficient of discharge is the ratio of the
a. ) area of vena contracta to the orifice area
b. ) actual discharge to the theoretical discharge
c. ) actual velocity to the theoretical velocity
d. ) effective head to the actual head
Actual discharge to the theoretical discharge
Hydraulic jump is used to:
a. ) increase the flow rate
b. ) reduce the flow rate
c. ) reduce the velocity of flow
d. ) reduce the energy of flow
Reduce the energy of flow
What is the use of a Hydraulic jump?
a. ) increase the flow rate
b. ) reduce the flow rate
c. ) reduce the velocity of flow
d. ) reduce the energy of flow
Reduce the energy of flow
Pitot tube is use to measure the:
a. ) velocity of mass
b. ) velocity of pipe
c. ) flow
d. ) velocity of flow
Velocity of flow
In a hydro-electric plant using a Francis turbine with medium head, the speed can be regulated using the:
a. ) deflector gage
b. ) nozzle
c. ) wicket gate
d. ) weir
Wicket gate
The following are examples of indirect (secondary) measurements to measure flow rates using obstruction meters except:
a. ) variable area meters
b. ) venture meters
c. ) volume tanks
d. ) flow nozzles
Volume tanks
An impulse turbine has:
a. ) low head
b. ) medium head
c. ) high head
d. ) very low head
High head
A Kaplan turbine is:
a. ) a high head mixed flow turbine
b. ) an inward flow impulse turbine
c. ) an outward flow reaction turbine
d. ) low head axial flow turbine
Low head axial flow turbine
A vena contracta in a fluid jet issuing through a hole in a plate is located approximately:
a. ) 10 diameters downstream of the hole
b. ) at jet’s minimum diameter
c. ) at the orifice minimum diameter
d. ) at the orifice maximum diameter
At jet’s minimum diameter
The coefficient of discharge is the ratio of the
a. ) area of vena contracta to the orifice area
b. ) actual discharge to the theoretical discharge
c. ) actual velocity to the theoretical velocity
d. ) effective head to the actual head
Actual discharge to the theoretical discharge
Which of the following is a characteristic of an impulse turbine?
a. ) Steam striking blades on angle
b. ) No steam reaction to velocity
c. ) Steam striking blades at zero angle
d. ) Steam reversing direction
Steam striking blades at zero angle
In parallel pipe system originating and terminating in common junctions:
a. ) mass flows through each branch are equal
b. ) pressure drops through each branch are equal
c. ) lengths of each branch are equal
d. ) flow areas of each branch are equal
Pressure drops through each branch are equal
One could expect the possibility of Froude number similarity in all of the following cases except:
a. ) surface ships
b. ) surface wave motion
c. ) flow over weirs
d. ) closed-pipe turbulent pipe flow
Closed-pipe turbulent pipe flow
Which of the following is not a similarity between a submerged culvert and a siphon?
a. ) They both operate full
b. ) Torricelli’s equation holds
c. ) Both can experience entrance and exit losses
d. ) In both, the water flows downhill
Torricelli’s equation holds
When a falling object reaches a speed at which the drag force equals its weight, it has achieved:
a. ) Mach one
b. ) a laminar boundary layer
c. ) a turbulent boundary layer
d. ) terminal velocity
A turbulent boundary layer
In turbine installation, the air is removed from the condenser by __
a. ) air pump
b. ) air injector
c. ) air ejector
d. ) air jet
Air Ejector
The following are examples indirect (secondary) measurements to measure flow rates using obstruction meters except:
a. ) pitot static meters
b. ) static pressure probes
c. ) weight and mass scales
d. ) direction - sensing probes
Weight and mass scales
High head turbine is a/an:
a. ) Impulse
b. ) Francis
c. ) Reaction
d. ) Propeller
Impulse
Which of the following is a type of water turbine?
a. ) Parson
b. ) Hero
c. ) Pelton
d. ) Bankl
Pelton
In parallel pipe system originating and terminating in common junctions:
a. ) mass flows through each branch are equal
b. ) pressure drops through each branch are equal
c. ) lengths of each branch are equal
d. ) flow areas of each branch are equal
Pressure drops through each branch are equal
The primary purpose of a turbine in a fluid loop is to:
a. ) add energy to the flow
b. ) add mass to the flow
c. ) extract energy from the flow
d. ) none of the above
Extract energy from the flow
In a hydro-electric plant using a Francis turbine with medium head, the speed can be regulated using the:
a. ) deflector gage
b. ) nozzle
c. ) wicket gate
d. ) weir
Wicket gate
The matching of scale model and full-scale prototype results for a fluid dynamic phenomena involving a fully submerged body requires equality of:
a. ) Reynolds number
b. ) Weber number
c. ) Froude number
d. ) Mach numer
Reynolds number
In the deep well installation or operation, the difference between static water level and operating water level is called __
a. ) suction
b. ) drawdown
c. ) priming level
d. ) clogging
Drawdown
In fluid flow, linear momentum is:
a. ) a vector quantity equal to the product of mass and velocity
b. ) a scalar quantity equal to the product mass and velocity
c. ) a scalar quantity to the product of force and length of time is applied
d. ) the change in impulse
A vector quantity equal to the product of mass and velocity
Orifice coefficients are used to determine:
a. ) energy losses
b. ) energy gains
c. ) mass losses
d. ) energy losses and mass gains
Energy losses
The coefficient of velocity equal to the:
a. ) product of the coefficient of discharge and the coefficient of contraction
b. ) actual velocity divided by the theoretical velocity
c. ) sum of the coefficient of discharge and the coefficient of contraction
d. ) difference of the coefficient discharge and the coefficient of contraction
Actual velocity divided by the theoretical velocity
When a falling object reaches a speed at which the drag force equals its weight, it has achieved:
a. ) Mach one
b. ) a laminar boundary layer
c. ) a turbulent boundary layer
d. ) terminal velocity
A turbulent boundary layer
Which of the following is a characteristic of an impulse turbine?
a. ) Steam striking blades on angle
b. ) No steam reaction to velocity
c. ) Steam striking blades at zero angle
d. ) Steam reversing direction
Steam striking blades at zero angle
The locus of elevations to which water will rise in the piezometer tube is termed:
a. ) energy gradient
b. ) friction head
c. ) hydraulic gradient
d. ) critical path
Hydraulic gradient
The intake pipe to a hydraulic turbine from a dam is:
a. ) tailrace
b. ) spiral casing
c. ) surge tank
d. ) penstock
Penstock
In a hydro-electric plant using a Francis turbine with medium head, the speed can be regulated using the
a. ) deflector gate
b. ) nozzle
c. ) wicket gate
d. ) weir
Wicket gate
What is the pressure at the of draft tube in a turbine?
a. ) below atmospheric
b. ) vacuum
c. ) atmospheric
d. ) gage
Atmospheric
The locus of elevations to which water will rise in the piezometer tube is termed:
a. ) energy gradient
b. ) friction head
c. ) hydraulic gradient
d. ) critical path
Hydraulic gradient
The intake pipe to a hydraulic turbine from a dam is:
a. ) tailrace
b. ) spiral casing
c. ) surge tank
d. ) penstock
Penstock
Which of the following is used as high head turbine?
a. ) Impulse
b. ) Francis
c. ) Reaction
d. ) Propeller
Impulse
The coefficient of contraction is the ratio of the:
a. ) area of vena contracta to the orifice area
b. ) actual discharge to the theoretical discharge
c. ) actual velocity to the theoretical velocity
d. ) effective head to the actual head
Area of vena contracta to the orifice area
A type of water turbine where a jet of water is made to fall on the blades or buckets and due to the impulse of water, the turbine starts to move.
a. ) Pelton wheel
b. ) Steam turbine
c. ) Francis turbine
d. ) Reaction turbine
Pelton wheel
Which of the following is a type of water turbine?
a. ) Parson
b. ) Hero
c. ) Pelton
d. ) Bankl
Pelton
The combination of enthalpy and kinetic energy of fluid is termed as:
a. ) latent enthalpy
b. ) heat enthalpy
c. ) throttling enthalpy
d. ) stagnation enthalpy
Stagnation enthalpy
Flow measuring devices include all of the following except:
a. ) flow nozzles
b. ) venture area meters
c. ) pitot tubes
d. ) precision tachometers
Precision tachometers
Flow measuring devices include all of the following except:
a. ) orifice plate meters
b. ) hot-wire anemometers
c. ) magnetic flow meters
d. ) mercury barometers
Mercury barometers
The locus of elevation is:
a. ) critical point
b. ) hydraulic gradient
c. ) energy gradient
d. ) friction gradient
Hydraulic gradient
A Kaplan turbine is:
a. ) a high head mixed flow turbine
b. ) an inward flow impulse turbine
c. ) an outward flow reaction turbine
d. ) low head axial flow turbine
Low head axial flow turbine
One could expect the possibility of Reynolds number similarity in all of the following cases except:
a. ) submarines
b. ) torpedoes
c. ) seaplane hulls
d. ) supersonic aircraft
Seaplane hulls
In the absence of any heat and work interactions and any changes in potential energy, the stagnation enthalpy of a fluid remains constant during ___
a. ) unsteady flow
b. ) steady flow
c. ) turbulent flow
d. ) variable flow
Steady flow
A Francis turbine has what flow?
a. ) Inward flow reaction
b. ) Outward flow impulse
c. ) Outward flow reaction
d. ) Inward flow impulse
Inward flow reaction
The function of a turbine is to:
a. ) transfer heat from one fluid to another
b. ) increase the total energy content of the flow
c. ) extract energy from the flow
d. ) exchange heat to increase energy to the flow
Extract energy from the flow
One could expect the possibility of Froude number similarity in all of the following cases except:
a. ) motion of a fluid jet
b. ) flow over spillways
c. ) surge and flood waves
d. ) subsonic airfoils
Subsonic airfoils
The coefficient of velocity, Cv, accounts for the:
a. ) effects on the flow area of contraction, friction, and turbulence
b. ) small effect of friction and turbulence of the orifice
c. ) changes in diameters of a converging pipe
d. ) effects of cpmpressibility
Small effect of friction and turbulence of the orifice
The matching of scale model and full-scale results for a fluid dynamic phenomena with a free surface requires equality of:
a.) Reynolds number
b Weber number
c.) Froude number
d.) Cauchy number
Froude number
The following are all examples of indirect (secondary) miscellaneous methods to measure flow except:
a. ) turbine and propeller meters
b. ) magnetic flow meters
c. ) positive displacement meters
d. ) hot-wire anemometers
Positive displacement meters
The matching of scale model and full-scale prototype results for a fluid dynamic phenomena involving surface tension requires equality of:
a. ) Reynolds nummber
b. ) Weber number
c. ) Froude number
d. ) Cauchy number
Weber number
The fact that there is no resistance to bodies moving through an ideal (non-viscous) fluids is known as:
a. ) Reynold’s analogy
b. ) D’ Alembert’s paradox
c. ) Newton’s second law
d. ) the second law of thermodynamics
D’ Alembert’s paradox
What must be done to change the direction of rotation of a 440-volt, 3-phase induction motor?
a. ) reverse lines to start winding
b. ) interchange any two power leads
c. ) replace any two wires to the rotor
d. ) remove any power leads
Interchange any two power leads
Flow measuring devices include all of the following except:
a. ) venturi meters
b. ) static pressure probes
c. ) turbine and propeller meters
d. ) magnetic dynamometers
Magnetic dynamometers
The fact that a fluid’s velocity increases as the cross sectional area of the pipe through which it flow decreases is due to:
a. ) Bernoulli’s equation
b. ) the continuity equation
c. ) the momentum equation
d. ) the perfect gas law
The continuity equation
The coefficient of velocity is equal to the:
a. ) product of the coefficient of discharge and the coefficient of contraction
b. ) actual velocity divided by the theoretical velocity
c. ) sum of the coefficient of discharge and the coefficient of contraction
d. ) difference of the coefficient of discharge and the coefficient of contraction
Actual velocity divided by the theoretical velocity
In fluid flow, linear momentum is:
a. ) a vector quantity to the product of mass and velocity
b. ) a scalar quantity equal to the product mass and velocity
c. ) a scalar quantity to the product of force and length of time is applied
d. ) the change in impulse
A vector quantity equal to the product of mass and velocity
The following are examples of indirect (secondary) measurements to measure flow rates using obstruction meters except:
a. ) variable area meters
b. ) venture meters
c. ) volume tanks
d. ) flow nozzles
Volume tanks
All of the following fluid phenomena are based on the force momentum principle of a flowing fluid except:
a. ) turbines
b. ) Pelton wheels
c. ) Diesel automobile engines
d. ) jet engines
Diesel automobiles engines
The locus of elevation is:
a. ) critical point
b. ) hydraulic gradient
c. ) energy gradient
d. ) friction gradient
Hydraulic gradient
A Francis turbine has what flow?
a. ) Inward flow reaction
b. ) Outward flow impulse
c. ) Outward flow reaction
d. ) Inward flow impulse
Inward flow reaction
The coefficient of contraction is the ratio of the:
a. ) area of vena contracta to the orifice area
b. ) actual discharge to the theoretical discharge
c. ) actual velocity to the theoretical velocity
d. ) effective head to the actual head
Area of vena contracta to the orifice area
In pumped storage plant
a. ) power is produced by pumps
b. ) water is stored by pumping to high pressures
c. ) pressure accumulators are used
d. ) downstream water is pumped upstream during offload perios
Downstream water is pumped upstream during offload periods
