Piliavin- response to people in need

Question 1

Background

Answer 1

Bystander effect-less likely to help in emergency situation when people are present
Diffusion of responsibility- responsibility shared
kitty Genovese murder- 38 people saw/heard but no one helped

Question 2

Aim

Answer 2

-study factors affecting whether people would help a collapsed man
-drunk/ill
-race
-impact of modelling
-effect of group size
IV’s
-type of victim
-race of victim
-presence of model
-number of bystanders
DV’s
-time taken for passenger to help
-number of passengers that helped
-gender, race, location of helpers
-time taken for the first helper after the model

Question 3

sample

Answer 3

4450 men and women
45% black 55% white
mean number presnt-43 mean number in critical area -8

Question 4

method

Answer 4

-field experiment
-new York subway
-103 experimental trials took place
-between 11-3 for 2 months
-trains between 59th 125th street
-no stops 7.5 mins

Question 5

procdure

Answer 5

-2 observes in adjacent area, model and victim in critical area
- victim fell over, observe noted DV’s +qualitative data
-model offered help either early or late
-all victims were dressed the same, fell same, same environment and same journey time
- 4 victims aged 26-35m(one black)
- drunk victim-38 trails, smelt of alcohol+ carried bottle in paper bag
- cane victim- 63 trails, appeared sober, carried a cane

Question 6

results

Answer 6

• cane victim spontaneously helped 95%
• drunk victim spontaneously helped 50%
• 20% of bystanders left critical area after collapse
  -cane- average 5 seconds
  drunk- average 109 seconds
  -90% of first helpers were male -black victim received less help less quickly
• same ‘race ‘ effcet in drunk condition
  qualitative data
  -im not strong enough
  -i never saw this kind of thing before
  -its for men to help him

Question 7

conclusions

Answer 7

-escape is not possible, face to face with the victims
-creates emotional arousal in bystanders