Piliavin (1969) - Possible conclusions Flashcards
Who is most likely to receive help from bystanders - a drunk or a disabled person?
disabled person
Who is more likely, men or women, to help a male victim?
men
In terms of race, what makes the bystander more likely to help the victim?
if victim = same race as them
How does size of group affect helping behaviour?
no strong relationship between number of bystanders and how quickly they help the victim
What happens the longer an incident carries on for?
bystanders = more likely to leave area and discuss the incident rather than providing help
What does being in an emergency situation result in for bystanders and what is this interpreted as?
raises levels of arousal
interpreted as sympathy or as fear + disgust
What is the aim of bystander’s behaviour in an emergency situation and how is this achieved?
reduce levels of arousal achieved by: 1) helping directly 2) leaving to find help 3) leaving the area 4) dismissing the victim as being unworthy of help
What happens when escape from the situation is not possible for the bystander?
more likely to help
How do bystanders make the decision whether to help or not?
conduct a cross-reward analysis
What factors are considered in the cross-reward analysis for helping and not helping?
helping - costs: fear embarrassment effort Helping - rewards: praise
not helping - costs: self-blame blame from others not helping - rewards: continuing activities