Pilgrimmage/Syph

Question 1

Why visit shrines as a pilgrammage in the 12-13th Century Europe?

Answer 1

as thanks for healing a child/loved one.

Question 2

How many main shrines were there in Europe? What were the two main ones?

Answer 2

Five.

• St. Thomas Becket (Cantebury)
• St. Wulfston (Worchester)

Question 3

What was the story of St. Thomas Becket, why was he a saint?

Answer 3

He was stabbed, was a martyr.
-kept his blood and diluted it in a cistern of water. now the water is blessed. All you need to do is add water to the cistern, this water is then blessed. this was known as “becket” or “Cantebury” water

Question 4

Why was visiting the Becket shrine so good?

Answer 4

B/c the water was portable, it could be brought to many communities. Miracles occurred in communities that the water was brought to. 216 cases.

Question 5

Why was visiting a shrine in pilgrimage so successful in miracles?

Answer 5

Often a person would pilgrimage because they had a bad skin disease. The priests would then wash/submerge/place holy water on the person, and finally they would get clean for the first time in forever. The cleanliness therefore brought them closer to godliness, and voila, healed. Cured some mild leprosy, eye diseases, conjunctivitis. Maybe they got given a good meal. this helps too.

Question 6

Vesalius:

-country, family history, year, status

Answer 6

• Belgium
• father was an apothecary
• married a wealthy girl, good status
• 1529

Question 7

What societal movement created a positive environment for Vesalius to succeed in his trade/education?

Answer 7

Humanist movement

Question 8

what was the humanist movement?

Answer 8

Learning outside of the scope of what the church teaches you.
-go out, experiment, make your own conclusions

Question 9

What societal problem is in Europe at the time of the humanist movement? How is this a problem?

Answer 9

The inquisition. there are dire consequences from moving away from the church.

Question 10

During the humanist movement, what happens to the educational system that is somewhat revolutionary?

Answer 10

Trilingual colleges which teach in Latin, Greek and Hebrew. This is so that the students can read original text and not be misled by old and inaccurate translations
This is great because you can develop your own conclusions.

Question 11

What changed with medical education during this time that was revolutionary?

Answer 11

Public dissections and anatomy lectures.

Question 12

Vesalius was a great student. What set him apart?

Answer 12

• Travelled to many universities to real original scripts of famous physicians and the medical greats.
• Him and his homies would dig up graves to find cadavers
• became a teacher’s technician and got to perform the public dissections.

Question 13

What city was at the fore front of the humanist movement? Year of the beginning of the movement?

Answer 13

Paris, 1480

Question 14

Due to war, Vesalius left Paris and returned to Ludvin, Brussels. What was different about his educational experience here?

Answer 14

They weren’t as big on the humanist movement. It was more difficult to practice medicine to the same level as Paris. The mayor protected Vesalius and let him take bodies from the cemetery to practice anatomy.

Question 15

Where did Vesalius travel after Ludvin (the second time)? Why this location? What was special about this spot?

Answer 15

• Padua, Italy.
• Known for their humanistic approaches
• No local students allowed, encouraged students from all over Europe to amass their knowledge.

Question 16

What was Vesalius’s first employment after grad?

Answer 16

Instructor at Padua.

Question 17

What is Vesalius best known for? (in public perspective) (one positive/one negative)

Answer 17

His book!  
-highly drawn, detailed, revisited.  
-drew the skeleton, vascular system
-plagiarized all over Europe
Controversy:
-spoke up against a lecturer, saying that his dissection was more evident of truth than the lecture from one of the great's book.

Question 18

What smooth move did Vesalius do to earn him a different career?

Answer 18

Dedicated his book to Charles the 11th, which earned him a place in court as a physician.

Question 19

What is Vesalius best know for? (medical)

Answer 19

-the heart has two chambers, and blood does not flow freely between them

Question 20

How did the last years of Vesalius’ life unfold?

Answer 20

• Kings court got frustrated with him, he went to Netherland’s court.
• Leaves Spain under mysterious conditions (autopsy on live patient?)(maybe a scapegoat)
• sent to the inquisition, saved by powerful friends.
• split away from family, went on a pilgrimage (unlike him)
• Made it to Israel, on the way back got caught in a 40 day storm.
• Died soon after arriving on shore of a Greek island.

Question 21

William Harvey

Answer 21

• one of the greatest experimental scientists
• demonstrated the circulation of blood
• 1578-1657
• new world ideas (post plague)

Question 22

What are other names for Syphilis?

Answer 22

• French Disease
• Spanish Disease
• Montezuma’s Revenge

Question 23

Describe the three stages of Syph

Answer 23

• Primary: attacks your junk with pustules
• Secondary: remission.
• Tertiary: attacks spinal chord, central nervous system, brain. Insanity.

Question 24

Tuskegee Experiments:

Answer 24

Southern states offered poor share croppers in Alabama help with syph, gave placebos, and documented their disease. Went on for 65 years. New patients until 1940s, 50’s.

Question 25

in the 1600’s what did they think could be a legitimate cause of syph and some other diseases?

Answer 25

Witchcraft.

Question 26

what was the “Book of Secrets”?

Answer 26

a recipe book for how to cure things as early as 1530. It included cures for the French disease. It was translated from Latin to Italian so that wealthy women could read it.

Question 27

How did syph affect the trade of healing?

Answer 27

There were syph specialists, or some who advertised that they could/could not heal the disease. That they did not have the “touch” or “charisma” for it.