Pictures Flashcards by michelle granstrom

Which bone cell types are shown in each pic?

Top Left pic: Osteoblast

Bottom Left Pic: Osteocyte

Right pic: Osteoclast

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Which bone types are shown here?

Left PIc: woven bone–seen in infants & at growth plates

Right Pic: Lamellar BOne–strong!

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Is the child on the right heterozygous or homozygous for achondroplasia?

Heterozygous

alive

shorter limbs

enlarged head–frontal bossing

normal trunk

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Which condition do these guys have?

Not achondroplasia–b/c limbs & trunk & head are normal.

Probably a hypopituitary issue. Not enough GH etc.

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What does this pic show?

fish mouth vertebrae

bones that get thinnger have central collapse

give this appearance

Osteoporosis!!

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What does this pic show?

3rd stage of Paget’s disease

osteosclerotic stage

no more bone marrow

just fibrous tissue & hypervascularity

woven bone!

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What does this imaging show?

cotton wool spots

this is a plain film

later stage of paget’s disease

thickened cortex

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What doe this pic show?

thickened cranium

Later Stage of Paget’s disease

**diploic space widened

sclerotic & lucent areas throughout

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What is shown here?

avascular necrosis

subchondral infarct

Note: the cartilage is still intact & is now receiving its nutrients from the synovial fluid above it.

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What is going on here? Which age group is this more common in?

pyogenic osteomyelitis

bone abscess forms

periosteum lifts up

the break continues to the joint

**more common in children

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What is shown here?

pyogenic osteomyelitis

see the pink bone & the fibrotic reaction around it

neutrophils are coming on in!

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What does this gross speciment show?

pyogenic osteomyelitis

there is an infection there!
It can track all the way out to the skin!

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What is the likely cause of this vertebral tumor?

probably a metastasis from a cancer elsewhere

rare to have primary lesions in the bone

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What is shown in this picture?

osteoma

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What does this pic show?

osteosarcoma starting in the metaphysis of the bone

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WHat is shown in this histo slide?

osteosarcoma

disorganized cells

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WHat is shown in this pic?

osteochondroma

not the cauliflower cartilagenous cap

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What is shown here?

osteochondroma

cartilage cap on the right

see the medullary space

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What is shown here?

endochondroma–benign lesions in mature hyaline cartilage

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What is shown here?

endochondroma

usu happens in short tubular bones in hands or feet

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What is shown here?

chondrosarcoma

starts in medullary cavity in the central skeleton

here it starts in diaphysis

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What is shown here?

chondrosarcoma

clear cell variant, starts in the epiphysis

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What is this appearance called? which condition is this associated with?

soap bubble appearance

giant cell tumor of bone

WHat is shown here?

histo of giant cell tumor of bone

Which condition is shown here?

Ewing's Sarcoma note the expanding intramedullary mass

Which condition is represented on this histo slide?

Ewing's sarcoma small blue cells area of necrosis

What does this imaging show?

those are little pockets of plasma cells indicative of multiple myeloma

What condition is indicated by this imaging?

Fibrous Dysplasia often this can extend throughout the entire bone

Which condition is indicated by this histo slide?

fibrous dysplasia note the over-proliferation of fibrous tissue can't see any bone marrow these patients will struggle with anemia

What does this show?

Osteoarthritis-wear & tear

What does this pic show?

eburnation seen with osteoarthritis. Looks like ivory!

Which condition does this patient have?

rheumatoid arthritis villus projection into the synovium lymphoid follicle also present here

What is shown here?

subcutaneous nodules of rheumatoid athritis fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by macrophages & granulation tissue forms at areas of pressure

What does this pic show?

pseudogout note the coffin-lid shaped crystals. NOT the needle-shaped crystals of regular gout

What is shown on this histo slide?

note the small group atrophy probably neurogenic atrophy-affects motor unit at a time

Which condition does this histo point to?

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy CT increased different muscle fiber sizes

What is shown here?

rhabdomyosarcoma GU variant--called: sarcoma botryoides

What is shown here?

the GU variant of rhabdomyosarcoma...sarcoma botryoides shows the histo strap cells of skeletal muscle-one characteristics

What is shown here?

lipoma benign usu see clear yellow cells no lipoblasts present

What is shown here?

liposarcoma malignant lipoblasts present

What is shown here?

liposarcoma as well! lipoblasts present

What is shown here?

nodular fasciitis

What is shown here?

Dupuytren's Contracture this is a superficial fibromatosis

Which condition is this?

desmoid fibromatosis a type of deep fibromatosis

What does this imaging show?

fibrosarcoma osteolytic "motheaten" appearance no sclerosis w/ cortical destruction

What does this neonate die from?

fibrosarcoma on thigh...totally destroyed the bone, sadly.

What does this histo show?

fibrosarcoma see the storiform/herringbone pattern spindle cells swirling around

WHat does this imaging show?

synovial sarcoma

What is found in these vials? Taken from synovial joint.

First: normal 2nd: cloudy: probably contains a few white cells & proteins...make sure to do a gram stain. 3rd: orange-brown. xanthochromic. means old hemorrhage. If it were bright red: hemarthrosis from trauma or hemophilia. 4th: definitely neutrophils present. Bad stuff going on.

WHat do you see in each vial?

A: normal B: cloudy & suspicious for inflamation & infection C: purulent & a little bloody. Perhaps a septic arthritis. Acute inflammation can produce hemorrhage.

What is shown by this xray?

septic arthritis see here synovial thickening & edema

What do you see on this slide taken from synovial joint?

lots of neutrophils inflammatory, maybe infectious

WHat is shown here? HOw should it be tested?

tophi from a gout patient \*\*need to take a biopsy of this, can't aspirate it.

After taking an aspirate you see this. What is it?

pseudogout calcium pyrophosphate rhomboid shaped crystals, not needle-shaped

What is shown here?

chondrocalcinosis calcification of menisci of knees caused by pseudogout--calcium pyrophosphate deposition

What is seen here?

tophi-aggregates of urate crystals from progressive gout here: surrounded by lymphocytes, macrophages, foreign body giant cells