pics 2 Flashcards
What do individuals engage in during sexual encounters?
Individuals engage during sexual encounters to communicate their consent.
What is the traditional sexual script’s expectation for men and women?
Men are expected to ask for consent, women are expected to refuse initially, and men are expected to ignore refusals.
What roles do men and women play in sexual activity according to traditional views?
Men are viewed as ‘initiators’ and women as ‘gatekeepers’ responsible for communicating consent and non-consent.
What does Durkheim suggest about laws and behavior?
Laws reinforce the notion that certain behaviors are wrong.
What is the maximum sentence for causing a person to engage in sexual activity without consent?
The maximum sentence is 10 years.
What was the trend in sexual offences reporting in England and Wales by March 2024?
There was a rise in reporting of sexual offences, peaking in March 2022, followed by a decrease in 2024.
What campaigns have raised awareness about sexual violence?
MeToo, #TimesUp, and Reclaim These Streets.
Who are more likely to be victims and perpetrators of sexual violence?
Women are more likely to be victims, while men are more likely to be perpetrators.
Who is most likely to be the perpetrator of rape against female victims?
The perpetrator is most likely to be an intimate partner.
What are the findings regarding intimate partner sexual abuse (IBSA) victims?
Mixed findings exist on whether women are more likely to be victims of IBSA.
What did Cesare Lombroso contribute to criminology?
He founded the Italian school of positivist criminology, arguing that a criminal mind could be identified by physical features.
What do modern biological theories of crime focus on?
They focus on how brain regions responsible for thoughts, emotions, and behaviors can lead to criminality when dysfunctional.
What predisposes some individuals to crime according to biological theories?
Genetic, hormonal, or neurological factors that may be inherited or acquired.
What is psychopathy?
Psychopathy is a clinical concept describing a lack of empathy, antisocial behavior, and inability to control behavior.
What is the association between psychopathy and violent behavior?
Psychopathy has been extensively researched and is associated with violent behavior.
How do sex offenders compare to other offenders in terms of personality disorders?
Sex offenders have a higher prevalence of personality disorders compared to offenders of other crimes.
What is the increased risk associated with psychopathy?
Most people with personality traits associated with psychopathy do not fulfill the criteria for full-blown psychopathy.
