PICLAB Flashcards
“specialized clothing” or equipment worn
for protection against hazardous and infectious materials
PPE
Used for mixing,
stirring, and heating
chemicals
BEAKER
Have spouts on their
rims to aid in pouring
BEAKER
Conical flask
Erlenmeyer flask
has a narrow neck
and expands toward
its base
Erlenymeyer flask
Allows easy mixing
and swirling of the
flask without too
much risk of spilling
Erlenmeyer flask
a.k.a. Boiling Flask
Florence flask
Has round bottom
and long neck
Florence flask
Used to hold liquids
and can be easily
swirled and heated
Florence flask
a glass tube with one
end open and the
other end closed
Test tubes
used to hold small
samples for
qualitative
assessment and
comparison
Test tube
Small clay cup made
of a material that can
withstand extreme
temperatures
Crucible with cover
Used for heating
substances and
come with lids.
Crucible with cover
Used to hold
crucibles after
heating procedure
Crucible tong
Used to hold test
tubes
Test tube rack
Usually made of
wood, sometimes
with a built in drying
rack for test tubes
TEST TUBE RACK
a round piece of glass
that is slightly concave/
convex (think of a lens)
WATCH GLASS
can hold a small amount
of liquid or solid
WATCH GLASS
can be used for
evaporation purposes
WATCH GLASS
can function as a lid for
a beaker
Watch glass
can be made of plastic
or glass and can have
either a short stem or a
long stem
Funnel
Used to channel liquid
or fine-grounded
substances into
containers with small
opening
Funnel
Used for measuring
volume of liquid
Graduated cylinder
There are several
markings up and
down the length of
the container with
specific increments
GRADUATED CYLINDER
A round flask with a
long neck and flat
bottom
Volumetric flask
Used to measure an
exact volume of liquid
VOLUMETRIC FLASK
There is a small line
on the neck that
indicates how far to
fill the bottle
Volumetric flask
Small glass tubes
with narrow tips on
one end and a rubber
bulb on the other
Droppers
Suck up liquid that
can then be
squeezed out in
small drops
DROPPER
Measuring an exact
volume of liquid and
placing it into another
container
Pipette
Extremely accurate
measurement (4 S.F.)
Volumetric pipette
A glass tube that is
open at the top and
comes to a narrow
pointed opening at the
bottom.
Burret
Right above the bottom
opening is a stopcock
that can be turned to
control the amount of
liquid being released.
Burret
• Used for extremely
accurate addition of
liquid, especially during
TITRATION
• There are markings
along the length of the
tube that indicate the
volume of liquid present
Burret
Used to suspend
burets, beakers,
flasks, crucibles, etc.
in some cases, a
heat source
Iron stand, ring & clamps
Used for grabbing
things that should not
be touched by hands
FORCEPS
Used for scooping
chemicals
Spatula & scoopulas
Used for measuring
temperature
Thermometer
a mechanical
apparatus that is
connected to a
flammable gas
source.
BUNSEN BURNER
Used to produce an
open flame
Bunsen burner
There is a knob to
adjust the amount of
gas flow and a
rotating collar that
controls airflow.
Bunsen burner
• These both must be
adjusted to get an
ideal flame for
heating purposes.
Bunsen burner
Controls the amount of oxygen ( more oxygen, more intense and blue the flame)
Collar
Adjusts amount of gas (more gas, the larger the flame)
Gas valve
Keeps burner from making contact with work surface
Base
How to use bunsen burner
SETALighT
Safest flame
Safety flame
Coolest flame
Safety flame
Yellow/orange in color
Safety flame
Never used to heat, only to show
that the burner is on
Safety flame
Medium flame also termed as
Normal flamw
Blue flame
normal flame
Inivisible flame
Normal flame
Difficult to see in a well lit room
Normal flame
Most commonly used flame
Normal flame
Light blue triangle in the middle
ROARING FLAME
Only flame to make a noise
Roaring flame
Hottest flame
Roaring flame
Air hole is closed; used to see if the burner is on
Safety flame
Air hoke is half-open; gently heat
Normal flame/blue flame
Air hole is open; used to quickly heat
Roaring flame
Accurately measure
mass from around
0.0001g to 0.00001g
Analytical balance
Measures mass from
around 0.01g to 0.1g
Top loading balance
Precision balance
Top loading balance
Used for cleaning
test tubes and other
narrow mouth
glasswares
Test tube brush
Used to distribute
evenly heat and
support beakers
during heating
Wire gauze
Has an open center
Clay triangle
Used to suspend
crucibles
Clay triangle
Made of porcelain or
borosilicate glass
Evaporating dish
Used to heat liquids
for evaporation
Evaporating dish
Made of glass,
plastic, borosilicate,
and topped by caps
or stoppers
Reagent bottle
Intended to contain
chemicals
Reagent bottles
Used to move test
tubes (whether due
to heat or safety
reasons)
Test tube holder
A three-legged
platform used to
support or hold flasks
and beakers
TRIPOD
Used to mix
chemicals and liquids
Stirring rod/glass rod
Used for viewing or
making enlarged
images of very small
objects
Microscope
Used to crush, mash
or grind substances
Mortar & Pestle
Used to produce an
open flame for
heating, sterilization
or combustion
Alcohol lamp
Used for sucking or
absorbing liquids
through a narrow
tube
Aspirator bulb
Used to connect two
other pieces of
jointware to each
other
Adapter
Used in liquid-liquid
extraction to
separate (partition)
components of a
mixture of two
immiscible liquids
(different densities)
Seperatory funnel
• Usually a long,
circular glass tube.
Inside the tube there
is another, smaller
tube
Condenser
Used to cool hot
gases into liquids
Condenser
Used to separate
mixtures of two
liquids with different
boiling points
Distilling flask
Used to verify gas
production
in fermentation
Fermentation tube
Acts as shallow
cylindrical glass or
plastic lidded
dish that biologists
use to culture cells
Petri dish
A small glass bottle
of known volume for
determining the
relative density of
liquids and solids by
weighing
Pycnometer
A small volumetric
flask with a long
graduated neck used
in pharmacy for
determining
cinnamaldehyde in
cassia bark and other
forms of cinnamon
Cassia flask
Forms in cassiabark & other forms of cinnamon
Cinnamaldehyde
Greatest criterion of cleanliness
uniform wetting of the surface by distilled water
Chemical reaction that occurs in aqueous
solution when two ions bond to form an
insoluble salt, which is called
PRECIPITATE
The process can be carried
out by tilting the mixture
after pouring out the top
layer
DECANTATION
The process of separation
of liquid from solid and
other immiscible liquids,
by removing the liquid
layer at the top from the
layer of solid or liquid
below.
DECANTATION
Common method of separation of
solids and liquids
FILTRATION
the act of pouring a mixture onto a
membrane (filter paper) that allows the
passage of liquid (the filtrate) and results
in the collection of the solid (residue)
Filtration
Often better with organic solvents
Fluted filter paper
High surface area
Fluted filter paper
The precipitate
should be allowed
to settle.
Gravity filtration
greater portion of
the supernatant
liquid should be
poured through the
filter in the funnel
without clogging.
Gravity filtration
separation process which uses the action
of centrifugal force to promote accelerated
settling of particles in a solid-liquid mixture
Centrifugation
Uses a centrifuge machine
Centrifugation
calibrated to deliver one fixed
volume.
Transfer pipet
delivers a variable volume
Measuring pipet
deliver known volume of liquids
Pipets
A precisely manufactured
glass tube with
graduations
Buret
The 0-mL mark is near the
top.
Burets
A typical balance with a
capacity of 100–200 g
and a readability of
0.01–0.1 mg.
Analytical balance
