PIChE Practice Exam Flashcards
What is the ideal gas law used to describe the behavior of gases?
Boyle’s Law
Charles’ Law
Gay-Lussac’s Law
Ideal Gas Law
Ideal Gas Law
What is the equation used to describe the conversion of a reactant into a product in a chemical reaction?
Stoichiometry
Thermochemistry
Kinetics
Equilibrium
Stoichiometry
What is the equation used to describe the energy change during a chemical reaction?
Enthalpy
Entropy
Free Energy
Gibbs Free Energy
Free Energy
What is the type of reaction in which a metal reacts with an acid to produce a salt and hydrogen gas?
Combination Reaction
Decomposition Reaction
Displacement Reaction
Redox Reaction
Displacement Reaction
What is the unit of measurement for pressure in the Sl system?
Joule
Watt
Pascal
Newton
Pascal
What is the term used to describe the process of breaking down a substance into smaller molecules or elements through the addition of heat or other energy?
Synthesis
Decomposition
Polymerization
Copolymerization
Decomposition
What is the term used to describe the process of forming a new substance by combining two or more smaller molecules or elements?
Synthesis
Decomposition
Polymerization
Copolymerization
Synthesis
What is the difference between an alkane and an alkene?
Alkanes have single bonds, while alkenes have double bonds.
Alkanes have double bonds, while alkenes have single bonds.
Alkanes have only carbon atoms, while alkenes have both carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Alkanes have both carbon and hydrogen atoms, while alkenes have only carbon atoms.
Alkanes have single bonds, while alkenes have double bonds.
Explanation:
Alkanes are hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds between the carbon atoms, while alkenes are hydrocarbons that contain one or more double bonds between the carbon atoms.
What is the process called that involves the addition of a halogen to an alkene to form an alkyl halide?
Hydrogenation
Halogenation
Dehydrogenation
Hydration
Halogenation
Explanation:
Halogenation is a process that involves the addition of a halogen (such as chlorine, bromine, or iodine) to an alkene to form an alkyl halide. This reaction is an important part of the synthesis of many organic compounds.
What is the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated fatty acid?
Saturated fatty acids have only single bonds between the carbon atoms, while unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds between the carbon atoms.
Saturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds between the carbon atoms, while unsaturated fatty acids have only single bonds between the carbon atoms.
Saturated fatty acids are liquid at room temperature, while unsaturated fatty acids are solid at room temperature.
Saturated fatty acids are solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fatty acids are liquid at room temperature.
Saturated fatty acids have only single bonds between the carbon atoms, while unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds between the carbon atoms.
Explanation:
Saturated fatty acids contain only single bonds between the carbon atoms and are typically solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds between the carbon atoms and are typically liquid at room temperature. Unsaturated fatty acids are often considered to be healthier than saturated fatty acids, as they have been shown to have several health benefits when consumed in moderation.
What is the name of the compound with the chemical formula Al2(SO4)3?
Aluminum sulfate
Aluminum sulfite
Aluminum sulfide
Aluminum trioxide
Aluminum sulfate
Explanation:
Al2(SO4)3 is the chemical formula for aluminum sulfate, a compound that contains aluminum ions (Al3+) and sulfate ions (SO4^2-).
What is the main difference between exothermic and endothermic reactions?
Exothermic reactions release energy, while endothermic reactions absorb energy
Endothermic reactions release energy, while exothermic reactions absorb energy
Exothermic reactions absorb energy, while endothermic reactions release energy
There is no difference between exothermic and endothermic reactions
Exothermic reactions release energy, while endothermic reactions absorb energy
Explanation:
The difference between exothermic and endothermic reactions is the direction of heat transfer in exothermic reactions, heat is transferred from the system to the surroundings, while in endothermic reactions, heat is absorbed from the surroundings by the system.
What is the meaning of the term “equilibrium” in physical chemistry?
A state in which the rate of a chemical reaction is equal to the rate of its reverse reaction
A state in which all chemical reactions have stopped
A state in which all chemical reactions are proceeding at maximum rate
A state in which the properties of a system remain constant over time
A state in which the rate of a chemical reaction is equal to the rate of its reverse reaction
Explanation:
In physical chemistry, equilibrium refers to a state in which the rate of a chemical reaction is equal to the rate of its reverse reaction. At equilibrium, the concentration of reactants and products remains constant over time. Equilibrium is a dynamic state in which the forward and reverse reactions are continually occurring at equal rates, but the overall concentration of reactants and products does not change. The state of equilibrium is dependent on various factors, including temperature, pressure, and the concentration of reactants and products.
What is the formula for calculating the kinetic energy of an object?
KE = mv^2
KE = mgh
KE = mc^2
KE = 0.5mv^2
KE = 0.5mv^2
Which of the following is not a renewable source of energy?
Solar energy
Hydro energy
Nuclear energy
Wind energy
Nuclear energy
Explanation:
Nuclear energy is generated through the use of nuclear reactions and is not considered a renewable source of energy. Renewable sources of energy are those that can be replenished naturally and are considered environmentally friendly, such as solar, hydro, and wind energy.
What is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy?
Respiration
Transpiration
Fermentation
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis
Explanation:
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of glucose (sugar). This chemical energy is stored in the plant and can be used as a source of energy for growth and other life processes.
What type of heat transfer occurs as a result of the emission and absorption of electromagnetic waves?
Convection
Radiation
Conduction
Evaporation
Radiation
Explanation:
Radiation is the transfer of heat through the emission and absorption of electromagnetic waves. It does not require a physical medium for heat transfer and can occur through a vacuum. Radiation is the primary form of heat transfer from the sun to the Earth and is also responsible for the warming effect of a fire.
What type of chemical bond forms when electrons are shared between two atoms?
lonic bond
Covalent bond
Hydrogen bond
Metallic bond
Covalent bond
Explanation:
Covalent bonding occurs when two atoms share electrons in order to form a chemical bond. This type of bond results in the formation of molecules and is characterized by the sharing of electrons between the atoms in a bond.
What type of chemical bond forms between a metal and a non-metal atom?
lonic bond
Covalent bond
Hydrogen bond
Metallic bond
lonic bond
Explanation:
Ionic bonding occurs between a metal and a non-metal atom. It is characterized by the transfer of electrons from the metal atom to the non-Metal atom, resulting in the formation of positively and negatively charged ions. The ions are held together by the electrostatic attraction between them, forming an ionic bond.
What type of chemical bond forms between two or more non-Metal atoms with a partially positive hydrogen atom?
lonic bond
Covalent bond
Hydrogen bond
Metallic bond
Hydrogen bond
Explanation:
Hydrogen bonding occurs between two or more non-Metal atoms with a partially positive hydrogen atom. It is characterized by the attraction between the partially positive hydrogen atom of one molecule and the partially negative atom of another molecule. Hydrogen bonds are relatively weak compared to covalent or ionic bonds, but they play a crucial role in many biological processes and in the stability of molecular structures.
What is the chemical equation for the Haber process, which is used to produce ammonia gas?
N2 + 3H2 -> 2NH3
N2 + 302 -> 2NO3
N2 + 3CO -> 2NCO
N2 + 3H20 -> 2NH4OH
N2 + 3H2 -> 2NH3
