Piagets Theory Of Cognitive Development

Question 1

The 4 stages of cognitive Development

Answer 1

1. Sensorimotor (birth-2)
2. Preoperational (2 -7)
3. Concrete operational (7-11)
4. Formal operational (12+)

Question 2

Sensorimotor stage

Answer 2

Learning through senses and movement

object permanence/self recognition develops

Question 3

Preoperational stage

Answer 3

• Symbolic thinking
• egocentrism
• animism
• pretend play
• struggles w/ logic (conservation)

Question 4

Concrete operational stage

Answer 4

• Develop logical thought
• begins to understand conservation / perspective taking

Question 5

Formal operational stage

Answer 5

• Abstract/hypothetical thinking
• problem solving skills develop

Question 6

Substages of the sensorimotor stage

Answer 6

1. Reflexive schema (0-1 month)= newborn reflexes (sucking, grasping) are automatic responses
2. Primary circular reactions (1 - 4 months) = intentionally repeated actions focused on the baby’s own body ( like sucking thumb)
3. Secondary circular reactions (4-8 months) = repeated actions involving objects or the environment
4. Coordination of secondary scheme (8-12 months) = goal directed behavior; object permanence begins to develop
5. Tertiary circular reactions (12 - 18 months) = experimenting W/ objects in new ways
6. Mental representation (18 -24 months) = beginning of symbolic thought; problem solving through mental images rather than trial and error

Main idea= learning shifts from reflexes to intentional problem solving behaviors

Question 7

Example of primary circular reactions

Answer 7

Thumb sucking, kicking, basic vocalizations

Question 8

Examples of secondary circular reactions

Answer 8

Grasping objects, rattling toys, hitting buttons to near certain sounds, banging 2 objects together

Question 9

Examples of tertiary circular reactions

Answer 9

Stacking blocks to knock them down, taking to ys out to put them away
( intentional actions using an object to achieve a particular outcome)

Question 10

Animism

Answer 10

Giving life like qualities to inanimate objects

Question 11

Egocentrism

Answer 11

The inability to understand the thoughts, feelings, and perspectives of others

Question 12

Centration

Answer 12

The ability to focus on only 1 aspect of something at a time

Question 13

Lev Vygotsky’s theory of cognitive development

Answer 13

Learning happens through interactions w/ more knowledgeable others (adults, peers)

Zone of proximal development

Scaffolding

Learning = a social process and development depends on guidance from others

Question 14

Zpd

Answer 14

The gap between what a child can do alone and what they can do w/ help

Levels =
- cannot do even w/support
- can do w/ support
- can do w/out help