Piaget's Theory on Cognitive Development Flashcards
Piaget’s Theory on Cognitive Development: (3 points)
-Mental abilities develop through maturation
-Mental concepts are formed when facing new situations and events, which is scheme
-Mental growth take place through assimilation and accommodation
Assimilation:
the process of taking in information from the external world and relating if to what we already know
Accommodation:
the process of revising the cognitive structure to make it more consistent with experience
Piaget’s Theory on Cognitive Development has 4 stages:
- sensorimotor stage (0-2)
- preoperational stage (2-7)
- concrete operational stage (7-11)
- formal operational stage (12 or above)
Sensorimotor Stage (0-2):
*Infants experience the world through their senses i.e., learn things through
grasping, pushing & tasting
* Coordination of sensory information with motor movements
* Inability to create internal
representation because they think without language
***Object Permanence
Concept
Preoperational stage (2-7
years):
- Can form mental images or
ideas but can’t transform
them in mind
– Child’s thinking is very
intuitive (make little use of
logic) and egocentric
–Child sees the world strictly from his/her own point of view
–Have language & simple concept development
–Don’t understand the rules or mental operations
- Egocentrism
- Animism 萬物有靈論(e.g. mickey mouse is alive)
- Irreversibility
- Concept of conservation
Concrete operational stage (7-11 years):
– Child begins to develop
deductive logic
– Can classify objects or
experiences by using multiple characteristics such as size, color, shape and mass
***
* Conservation & reversibility emerge
* Child’s thinking is more logical, yet very concrete
* Develop Problem Solving Skills
Formal operational stage (11/12 or above):
– Formal operation develops
– Abstract thinking develops
– Full adult intellectual ability is attained:
* Develops hypothetical deductive reasoning
* Develops complex problem-solving
* Develops critical thinking
