Piaget's cognitive stages Flashcards
1
Q
Sensorimotor
A
- birth - 2 years
- the child learns through motor and reflex actions.
- Thought derives from sensation and movement.
- child learns that he is separate from his environment and that aspects of his environment – his parents or favorite toy – continue to exist even though they may be outside the reach of his senses.
- Teach the child through his sensorimotor system.
- You can modify behavior by using the senses: a frown, a stern or soothing voice
2
Q
preoperational
A
- begins when child starts talking - 7 years
- Applying his new knowledge of language, the child begins to use symbols to represent objects.
- Early in this stage he also personifies objects.
- He is now better able to think about things and events that aren’t immediately present.
- Oriented to the present, the child has difficulty conceptualizing time.
- His thinking is influenced by fantasy – the way he’d like things to be – and he assumes that others see situations from his viewpoint.
- He takes in information and then changes it in his mind to fit his ideas.
- Teaching must take into account the child’s vivid fantasies and undeveloped sense of time. -Using neutral words, body outlines and equipment a child can touch gives him an active role in learning.
3
Q
concrete
A
- first grade - ~11 YO
- accommodation increases.
- The child develops an ability to think abstractly and to make rational judgments about concrete or observable phenomena, which in the past he needed to manipulate physically to understand.
- When teaching him, give him the opportunity to ask questions and explain things back to you - this allows him to mentally manipulate information.
4
Q
formal operations
A
- adolescence - end of life
- person no longer requires concrete objects to make rational judgments.
- capable of hypothetical and deductive reasoning.
- Teaching for the adolescent may be wide ranging because he’ll be able to consider many possibilities from several perspectives. This is called abstract thinking.
