Kohlberg's theory of moral development

Question 1

level 1: pre-conventional morality - name the 2 stages

Answer 1

1. obedience and punishment

2. individualism and exchange

Question 2

obedience and punishment

Answer 2

obey the rules to avoid punishment

Question 3

individualism and exchange

Answer 3

make choices to improve yourself somehow

Question 4

level 2: conventional morality - name the 2 stages

Answer 4

3. interpersonal relationships

4. maintaining social order

Question 5

interpersonal relationships

Answer 5

living up to social expectations and roles. There is an emphasis on conformity

Question 6

maintaining social order

Answer 6

• consider society as a whole when making judgments.
• focus is on maintaining law and order by following the rules,
• doing one’s duty and respecting authority.

Question 7

level 3: post conventional morality - name the 2 stages

Answer 7

5. social contract and individual rights

6. universal principles

Question 8

social contract and individual rights

Answer 8

• people begin to account for the differing values, opinions and beliefs of other people.
• Rules of law are important for maintaining a society, but members of the society should agree upon these standards.

Question 9

universal principles

Answer 9

• final level of moral reasoning
• based upon universal ethical principles and abstract reasoning.
• people follow these internalized principles of justice, even if they conflict with laws and rules.