Piaget

Question 1

What did Piaget believe about how we learn?

Answer 1

We develop in stages, which are completed sequentially

Question 2

What is equilibration?

Answer 2

The tendency to aim towards equilibrium in learners - Piaget argued this alone drove intellectual advancement in kids

Question 3

What are schemes?

Answer 3

Coherent categories formed via pattern recognition of life experiences

Question 4

What is adaptation?

Answer 4

Adjustment of schemes to maintain equilibrium

Question 5

What are the two types of adaptation?

Answer 5

Assimilation (experience incorporated into existing schema)

Accomodation (changing an existing scheme in response to a new experience)

Question 6

What are the four stages of cognitive development according to Piaget?

Answer 6

Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete-operational
Formal-operational

Question 7

The sensorimotor stage occurs between ages….

Answer 7

0-2 years old

Question 8

The preoperational stage occurs between ages….

Answer 8

2-7 years old

Question 9

The concrete-operational stage occurs between ages….

Answer 9

7-11 years old

Question 10

The formal-operational stage occurs between ages…

Answer 10

11-100+

Question 11

What are key features of the sensorimotor stage?

Answer 11

Any of…
- No object permanence
- Desire to interact with objects in all the ways
- Lack of language/ability to communicate needs

Question 12

What are key features of the preoperational stage?

Answer 12

Any of…
- Egocentrism
- Lack of conservation (water in cups)
- Single classifications only
- No understanding of transformations (coins being spread on the table)

Question 13

What are key factors of the concrete-operational stage?

Answer 13

Any of…
- Ability to see multiple perspectives
- Conservation
- Reversibility (addition and subtraction)
- Multiple classifications of objects
- Deductive reasoning

Question 14

What are key features of the formal-operational stage?

Answer 14

Any of…
- Abstract reasoning ability
- Can form and test multiple hypotheses
- Can separate and control variables
- Proportional reasoning ability

Question 15

What are some challenges with Piaget’s theory?

Answer 15

Any of…
- Cultural differences = different formal operations
- Adolescents + adults resort to sensorimotor thinking/behaviour when encountering new tasks
- Children show quality cognition in domains where they have no experience
- knowledge = intellectual processes (lack of knowledge = lack of development?)