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CNM Nutrition 1 Semester 2 > Phytonutrients > Flashcards

Phytonutrients Flashcards

1
Q
  1. 2 Actions of Catechins
A
  1. Neurological- inhibit MAO Enzyme (break down serotonin and dopamine)
    Anti Inflam: Strong antioxidant, Anti-Histamine, Inhib lox/cox
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2
Q
  1. Source of Catechin
A
  1. Green tea
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3
Q
  1. 2 Actions of Quercetin
A
  1. Gout- inhibits xanthine oxidase which breaks purines down into uric acid
    Cardiovascular
    Anti- Cancer
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4
Q
  1. 2 sources of quercetin
A
  1. Red onion, red apple
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5
Q
  1. 2 Actions of Naringin
A
  1. Cardiovascular, Diabetes (inhibits aldose reductase which directs glucose into pathways producing inflammation)
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6
Q
  1. What enzyme activity is associated with diabetes and Naringin?
A
  1. Aldose reductase
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7
Q
  1. Source of Naringin
A
  1. Grapefruit
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8
Q
  1. Why may you have to be careful using grapefruit as a therapeutic action
A
  1. Inhibts CYP3A4 which is pathway used by many pharmaceutical drugs
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9
Q
  1. 2 Therapeutic Aims of Isoflavanoids?
A
  1. Oestrogen mimicking- antagonist when needed and mimicking in others
    BMD- increase BMD or slow BM loss
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10
Q
  1. Source of Isoflavanoid?
A
  1. Soy
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11
Q
  1. What should you consider when using Soy?
A
  1. Gut health- soy bean bound to sugar molecule. Requires digestion and fermentation to break this bond
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12
Q
  1. Therapeutic use of lignans?
A
  1. Oestrogen activity, ant cancer esp oestrogen dominant ones. Reduces 5 a reductase- reduced conversion of Test. To DHT
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13
Q
  1. Source of Lignans? Theraputic Dose?
A
  1. Milled flaxeed, 2tbsp/day
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14
Q
  1. Source of Proanthocyanidins?
A
  1. Grapes, blueberries, elderberries
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15
Q
  1. Therapeutic use of Proanthocyanidins
A
  1. Neurological- reduces B-amyloid aggregation, reduces alzheimers. Neuroprotectve.
    Cardiovascular- improve capiliary integrity, NO, Reduce LDL cholesterol
    Immune
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16
Q
  1. Source of Anthocyanins?
A
  1. Blueberries, Cherry
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17
Q
  1. Therpeutic use of Anthocyanins
A
  1. Cardiovascular
    Diabetes – increases insulin sensitivity and upregulates GLUT4 expression
    Neurological - neuroprotective
18
Q
  1. What pathway may anthocyanins inhibit?
A
  1. BRCP mediated transport- increasing biovailablity of anticancer meds and antihypertensive drugs
19
Q
  1. Source of Reveratrol
A
  1. Red grapes, blueberries, rasperries
20
Q
  1. Therapeutic use of Reveratrol?
A
  1. Oestrogen

Insulin sensitivity

21
Q
  1. Difference between sterol and stanol?
A
  1. Sterol: double bond in sterol ring

Stanol: lack double bond in sterol ring

22
Q
  1. Therapeutic use of Phytosterol
A
  1. Cardiovascular- increase instesinal clearance of cholesterol
    Prostate health- inhibits 5 alpha-reductase
23
Q
  1. Source of phytosterol?
A
  1. Nuts and seeds
24
Q
  1. Therapeutic use of ITCS?
A
  1. Liver detoxification- phase 2

Anti- Cancer

25
Q
  1. Source of ITCS?
A
  1. Brassicas
26
Q
  1. What may you have to consider with using ITCs?
A
  1. Glucosinolates degrade to goitrogens which decrease thyroid uptake of iodine.
27
Q
  1. What enzyme does ITCs influence?
A
  1. Glutathione – S- Transferase: phase 2 enzymes which detoxify carcinogens
28
Q
  1. Therapeutic use of I3C?
A
  1. Oestrogen modulation: Selectively binds to oestrogen receptors, influences conversion of oestrodiol to less potent form
    CIN: Modulates important risk factors for CIN, Anti-inflamm
    Breast and Prostate cancer
29
Q
  1. Source of I3C?
A
  1. Brassica
30
Q
  1. What does I3C form in stomach?
A
  1. DIM
31
Q
  1. Therapeutic use of Leutin
A
  1. Eye Health- protect retina from oxidative stress, promote efficient neuronal signalling, reduces inflammation
32
Q
  1. Source of Leutin
A
  1. Yellow/Orange vegetables
33
Q
  1. Therapeutic Use of Lycopene
A
  1. Ant-Cancer: Powerful antiox, influences gene expression, reduces inflammation
    Prostate health: inhibits progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia
    Cardiovascular
34
Q
  1. Sources of Lycopene
A

Tomatoes (tomato paste 75mg, Tomatoe: 4.6mg)

35
Q
  1. Recommended intake Lycopene
A
  1. Recommended intake- 8-22mg /day
36
Q
  1. Discuss 2 ways in which Naringin use for Diabetes
A
  1. Inhibit aldose reductase (directs glucose into pathways which cause inflammation) upregulate GLUT4, increase insulin sensitivity
37
Q
  1. Discuss I3C use for Oestrogen dominance
A
  1. Selectively bind to oestrogen receptors and act as an antagonist, influence liver enzymes conversion of oestrodiol to less potent form of oestrogen
38
Q
  1. Discuss use Pranthocyanidins in neurological diseases
A
  1. Inhibit B-Amyloid aggregation which is a marker for alzheimers, improve cognition and neuroprotective
39
Q
  1. Which phytonutrients influence blood glucose?
A

RAN

Reveratrol, Anthoncyanins, Naringin

40
Q
  1. How do ITCs influence cancer?
A
  1. Influence liver detoxification of carcinogens- increase S-Glutathione Transferase
    Inhibit angiogenesis, protect DNA from carcinogenic damage
41
Q
  1. Which phytonutrients influence cancer?
A
  1. Lycopene, I3C, ITC, Naringin, Proanthocuanidins

CNM Nutrition 1 Semester 2 (3 decks)

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