Physiotherapy

Question 1

What is the definition of physiotherapy?

Answer 1

The treatment of physical dysfunction/injury by the use of therapeutic exercises or the application of modalities intended to restore or facilitate normal function/development.

Question 2

Why do we use physio? (3)

Answer 2

-Concentrated on the rehabilitation of the musculoskeletal & neuro system
-Benefits are evidence based
-Techniques based on physiological function

Question 3

What are the benefits of physio?

Answer 3

Improved circulation, relaxation of muscle spasms, prevention & relaxation of muscle contracture, dispersal of oedema in muscles, mobilisation of adherent tissues, restores normal range of motion, contributes to analgesia, quicker return to normal activity

Question 4

Create a problem list for a dog post TPLO

Answer 4

Joint inflamm, hypersensitive, normal tracking impairment, stress, poor rom, non weight bearing, possibility of muscle atrophy

Question 5

What does PRICE stand for in PT?

Answer 5

Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation

Question 6

Roughly how many muscles make up the skeletal system and what are they responsible for?

Answer 6

Around 640 muscles.
-Producing body movement
-Stabilising body positions
-Storing and moving substances within body
-Generate heat

Question 7

List 4 properties of muscle tissue

Answer 7

-Contractility
-Excitability
-Extensibility
-Elasticity

Question 8

What is the fascia? functions?

Answer 8

A broad band of dense, irregular connective tissues that lines the body wall/limbs and support/surrounds muscles and all other organs in the body.
Functions: allows movement, carries nerves and vessels, fills space between muscles,

Question 9

What is the nervous system divided into?

Answer 9

CNS, peripheral nervous syst, enteric nervous syst

Question 10

What is the function of mechanacoreceptors?

Answer 10

Sense changes in joint movement, muscle tension and muscle length which then feeds into the CNS.

Question 11

What is the function of muscle spindles?

Answer 11

Respond to muscle stretch which is used in rehab (repeat exercises, massage, stretches)

Question 12

What is the function of the golgi tendon organ?

Answer 12

Responds to muscle tension, causing a relaxation reflex

Question 13

Where are joint receptors found?

Answer 13

In the capsule and ligaments of every joint in the body

Question 14

What are the benefits of massage therapy?

Answer 14

-Breaks circle of pain and muscle tension
-Inc blood flow which improves oxygenation
-Improves venous/lymphatic return
-Provides pain relief
-Accelerates muscle therapy
-Improves pet/owner bonding

Question 15

What are some contradictions of massage therapy?

Answer 15

-local inflammatory process
-Hyperthermia
-Bruising
-Dislocation/fx
-Coagulopathy

Question 16

What are the benefits of PROM

Answer 16

-Helps contain muscle atrophy
-Prevents adhesion
-Improves proprioception
-Reduces stiffness
-Preferably carried out after massage and heat application

Question 16

What are some contradictions of PROM?

Answer 16

-Osteosarcomas
-Dislocations of joints
-Fractures involving joints

Question 17

What is the aim of stretching? How often should it be done?

Answer 17

To stretch and reallign tissue structures without tearing them
Do 2-5 repetitions 1-3 times daily.

Question 18

What is the aim of assisted exercise? How often should it be done?

Answer 18

To enhance strength and endurance and proprioceptive training (slings, towels). 10-15 repetitions 2-3 times daily.

Question 19

Give some examples of active assisted exercise

Answer 19

Slow walks, weight shifting, dancing, incline, sit/stand exercises

Question 20

What is hydrotherapy?

Answer 20

The use of water to relieve discomfort and promote physical wellbeing

Question 21

What are some contradictions with the use of hydrotherapy?

Answer 21

-Oedema of unknown region
-Systemic compromise
-Open, infected wounds
-Unhealed surgical incisions
-Fever

Question 22

List the benefits of hydrotherapy

Answer 22

-Force of buoyancy makes it easier to move
-Reduces muscle spasm & hypertonicity
-Allows gradual return to normal function (water level can be reduces as px improves)
-Increased proprioception due to sensory feedback from viscosity and water pressure

Question 23

What is the ‘what’ method?

Answer 23

Symptoms & precautions & prognosis & other contributing factors

Question 24

What is the safe approach?

Answer 24

List of problems, precautions and interventions
List of red flags and interventions