Physiology of the Nervous System- Module 1 Flashcards
What 3 things do nerves supply?
- muscles
- visceral organs
- glands
what are the names of the nerves that innervate visceral organs
autonomic nerves (sympathetic and parasympathetic)
what are the names of the nerves that innervate muscles
somatic nerves (sensory or motor)
what are the characteristics of autonomic nerves
- antagonistic function
- sympathetic: fight or flight
- parasympathetic: regulates activity in non-stress conditions
Which spinal nerves are typically sympathetic?
2 areas of the spine
thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves
Which spinal nerves are typically parasympathetic?
which 2 parts of the spinal cord
cranial and sacral
Which system of the body has its own direct pathway that still functions along with the autonomic nervous system?
digestive system
what are the two main cell types of the nervous system
neurons: functional
glial cells (neuroglia): structural support and nutrition
Nerves function by a ___________traffic system.
two-way traffic
afferent and efferent nerves
describe the two way flow of the nervous system
- CNS receives information about the state of the muscle/organs via afferent/sensory neurons
- The CNS processes information and gives output command via efferent/motor neurons
true or false: Spinal cord has the same abilities as the brain, but sharper
false, not as sharp
what is an automatic reflex
information processed and commands given by the spinal cord when there is not time for flow all the way to the brain
every input that comes to the spinal cord must go to the ________, specifically the _______________, even reflexes
brain, cerebral cortex
what is the ascending pathway
pathway from periphery to brain
what is the descending pathway
pathway from brain to periphery
what is the functional unit of a nerve
neuron
what do multiple neurons form
Neurons make up nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system
