Physiology of team sport athletes

Question 1

Describe activity profile of team sports?

Answer 1

• Have an intermittent activity profile
• Majority of time is spent in low intensity activities such as walking, standing and jogging
• Low intensity periods are interspersed with brief intervals of high-intensity activity such as sprinting, jumping and cutting

Question 2

What are the advantages and disadvantages of tactical periodization?

Answer 2

• Advantages include prioritizes tactical training and its highly specific with excellent transfer to game situations
• Disadvantages are it is difficult to quantify and monitor physical load that players are exposed to

Question 3

What are the central adaptations affecting performance?

Answer 3

• Cardiac output – hr x sv
• Increased hormone sensitivity
• Improve fuel transport

Question 4

What are the peripheral factors affecting performance?

Answer 4

• Increased mitochondrial density
• Increased capillary density
• Increased enzymatic capacity
• Increased glycogen storage

Question 5

What are the benefits of strength training?

Answer 5

• 1/3 reduction in injuries with strength training
• 50% of overuse injuries can be halved by adequate strength training
• Basis of jump ability, sprint ability and change of direction ability

Question 6

What is strength training important for rate of force development?

Answer 6

• One adequately strong how well the force is expressed becomes most important
• Most sports only allowed limited time to exert force with is usually shorter than the required time to apply maximal force.
• Rate of force generation becomes important
  Maximal muscle strength accounts for 80% variance in voluntary RFD

Question 7

Explain the impact and relevance of the concurrent training effect on team sport athletes?

Answer 7

• Strength response is reduced due to involvement in high intensity endurance training
• Relevant to team sports as they require contribution of strength and endurance abilities

Question 8

Give recommendations for concurrent low intensity endurance training?

Answer 8

• Low intensity endurance training does not affect signaling pathway regulating strength gains
• Train strength immediately after low intensity endurance training for increase endurance and strength gains

Question 9

Give recommendations for concurrent high intensity endurance training?

Answer 9

• High intensity endurance training early in the day
• Rest >3h before resistance training
• Refuel completely between sessions
• Support resistance training with protein intake