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saliva > Physiology of saliva > Flashcards

Physiology of saliva Flashcards

1
Q

What is an exocrine gland?

A

gland that secretes substances on epithelial surface in by way of a duct

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2
Q

What type of gland is a salivary gland?

A

exocrine gland

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3
Q

What two efferent nerves work collaboratively in reflex of salivary secretion?

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic

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4
Q

What glands does the parasympathetic and sympathetic not work together?

A

minor mucous glands

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5
Q

Efferent pathway

Parasympathetic; Salivary Nuclei signals which glands?

A

parotid + sublingual

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6
Q

Efferent pathway

Sympathetic: Thoracic spinal cord signals which glands?

A

parotid + submandibular

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7
Q

Where do negative signals come from?

A

CNS

e.g if feel anxious mouth will go dry

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8
Q

Autonomic nerve fibres supply which structures in the salivary gland?

A

Acinus
Blood vessel
duct

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9
Q

What does the sympathetic nerves secrete?

A

proteins

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10
Q

Do parasympathetic nerves cause vasodilatation or vasoconstriction?

A

vasodilatation

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11
Q

What is vasodilatation and vasoconstriction?

A

Vasodilatation - widening blood vessels

Vasoconstriction - narrowing blood vessels

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12
Q

What do the parasympathetic nerves secrete?

A

most fluid and some protein

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13
Q

What do sympathetic nerves contract?

A

myoepithelial cells

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14
Q

What is sympathetic nerve neurotransmitter?

A

Noradrenaline

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15
Q

What is parasympathetic nerve neurotransmitter?

A

Acetylcholine

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16
Q

Where does stage one of protein and water (NaCl) being secreted occur?

A

Acinus

17
Q

Where does stage two of NaCl being released occur?

A

Striated Duct

18
Q

What do sympathetic nerves release in minor glands?

A

neuropeptides

19
Q

What does acetylcholine muscarinic receptor (a-adrenergic) Atropine reduce?

A

Fluid secretion

20
Q

What does B-adrenergic or VIP propranolol reduce?

A

protein secretion

21
Q

Salivary gland fluid secretion is dependent upon a gradient in concentration of ……….

A

sodium

Sodium potassium ATPase

22
Q

What does sodium ATPASE pump out extracelluar

A

K+

23
Q

What does sodium ATPASE pump out intracellular

A

Na+

24
Q

Salivary secretion is dependent upon opening of apical …….. channels up stimulation of ……… cell

A

chloride

acinar

25
Q

What does the parotid, sublingual and submandibular glands secrete?

A

serous (very fluid almost no mucin)
seromucous (sticky with mucin)
mucous (sticky with lots of mucin)

26
Q

What is the saliva in the acini? (stage one)

A

Isotonic

27
Q

What is the saliva in the duct? (stage two)

A

Hypotonic

28
Q

Key event in activating fluid secretion

A

Signal from acetylcholine binds to muscarinic receptor, gives rise to Ca2+ (increases) - KICKS OFF secretory process, opens Cl channel

saliva (3 decks)

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