Physiology Of Pregnancy Flashcards
How does the CVS change?
- HR progressively increases toward term& Stroke volume increases therefore CO increases (=SV x HR)
- Vascular resistance decreases + progesterone causes vasodil –> drop in DBP and mild drop in SBP
- increase blood volume
What is the need for haematological change?
Increased peripheral demand
Safeguard against blood loss at delivery
How does haematology change?
Increase plasma volume and red cell volume; not equivalent –> physiological anaemia of pregnancy
White cell number +/- same but profound decrease in cell mediated immunity
Platelets and clotting factors- increased coagulability and mild decrease in platelets
Clinical implications of CVS change?
Cardiac patients
Adapt BP measurements
Clinical implications of haematological change?
Cardiac disease (anaemia--> tachycardia) DVT
Why does the renal system need to change in pregnancy?
Clearance of increased metabolic waste
How does the renal system change in pregnancy?
Increased GFR, ERBF, tubular activity
(Increased filtration and excretion of urea, creatinine and rate so levels decrease ; glucose filtration increased and reabsorption decreased so glycosidic common)
Amino acids may be increased, decreased or constant- can have protein loss
What are the clinical implications of renal changes?
Chronic renal disease
Adjust clinical investigations
Why does metabolism change in pregnancy?
Fetal demands increased glucose
How does metabolism change in pregnancy?
Increased PPBG
Lower FBG
Maternal insulin resistance
Increased maternal lipolysis
Clinical implications for metabolic change?
Diabetes
Adjust investigations
Why does the respiratory system need to adjust in pregnancy?
Fetal demands for O2
Fetal CO2 clearance
How does respiratory system change in pregnancy?
Increase tidal volume
Mild hyperventilation
Results in reduced pCO2
How does liver/GIT adjust to pregnancy?
Little change in liver
Increased absorption time in gut
Clinical implications of GIT change?
Constipation
Increased gastric emptying time
