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Anaphy (M) > Physiology of Muscle Tissue > Flashcards

Physiology of Muscle Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

• Attached to bones
• Nuclei multiple and peripherally located
• During development, 100 or more MYOBLAST, a type of mesodermal cell, fuse to form a skeletal muscle fiber. Striated, Voluntary and involuntary (reflexes)

A

Skeletal

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2
Q

• Walls of hollow organs, blood vessels, eye, glands, skin
• Single nucleus centrally located
• Not striated, involuntary, gap junctions in visceral smooth

A

Smooth

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3
Q

• Single nucleus centrally located
• Striations, involuntary, intercalated disks

A

Cardiac

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4
Q

Types of muscle tissue

A

Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac

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5
Q

Muscular system functions

A

Body movement
Maintenance of posture
Respiration
Production of body heat
Communication
Constriction of organs and vessels
Heart beat

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6
Q

Properties of muscle

A

Contractility
Excitability
Extensibility
Elasticity

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7
Q

• Ability of a muscle to shorten with force
• It DOES NOT produce force by lengthening/pushing!

A

Contractility

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8
Q

Capacity of muscle to respond to a stimulus

A

Excitability

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9
Q

Muscle can be stretched to its normal resting length and beyond to a limited degree

A

Extensibility

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10
Q

Ability of muscle to recoil to original resting length after stretched

A

Elasticity

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11
Q

Group of cardiac muscles acting as one

A

Syncytium

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12
Q

• Branching cells
• One/two nuclei per cell
• Striated
• Involuntary
• Medium speed contractions

A

Cardiac muscle

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13
Q

Anatomy of cardiac muscles

A

Intercalated disks
Cross striations
Nucleus
Myocytes

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14
Q

Basic contractile unit of a specific muscle

A

Sarcomeres

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15
Q

• Fusiform cells
• One nucleus per cell
• Nonstriated
• Involuntary
• Slow, wave-like contractions

A

Smooth muscle

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16
Q

Types of smooth muscle

A

Single unit smooth muscle
Multi unit smooth muscle

17
Q

Each muscle are connected via gap junction

A

Single unit smooth muscle

18
Q

• Have a lot of AUTONOMIC NEURON VARICOSITY
• Not connected via gap junction

A

Multi unit smooth muscle

19
Q

• Long cylindrical cells
• Many nuclei per cell
• Striated
• Voluntary
• Rapid contractions

A

Skeletal muscle

20
Q

A little less than half of the body’s
mass is composed of ________, with most muscles linked to bones by ______ through which
the forces and movements
developed during contractions
are transmitted to the skeleton.

A

skeletal muscle
tendons

21
Q

Types of muscle proteins

A

Contractile proteins
Regulatory proteins
Structural Proteins

22
Q

Contractile Proteins (_____, ______)

A

actin and myosin

23
Q

Regulatory Proteins (i.e. ______ and ____)

A

tropomyosin and troponin

24
Q

Structural Proteins (i.e. ____)

A

Titin

25
Q

It is a molecular motor

A

Myosin

26
Q

Retains all of the motor functions of myosin

A

Myosin head

27
Q

Skeletal muscle function

A

Produce movement
Maintain posture & body position
Support Soft Tissues
Guard entrance / exits
Maintain body temperature
Store nutrient reserves
Makes up aprox. 40% of body weight

28
Q

Skeletal muscle structure

A

Muscle fiber (cell)
Muscle fascicle (bundle of cells)
Skeletal muscle (organ)

29
Q

Fluid filled sacks that encircle each myofibril. It is similar to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in other cells.

A

Sarcoplamsic Reticulum (SR)

30
Q

Dilated ends of SR, butt against T tubule from both sides.

A

Terminal cisterns (cistern-reservoir)

31
Q

-T tubule and 2 terminal cisterns on either side of it form a _____.
-In relaxed muscle fiber, SR stores ______
-Release of calcium ions from terminal cisterns of SR triggers muscle contraction.

A

TRIAD
calcium ions

32
Q

________ maintain (repair, etc.) skeletal muscle fibers. They can divide and they can fuse with one another and with muscle fibers to repair them, etc.

A

Satellite cells

33
Q

Some myoblasts (the cells that congegrate to form skeletal muscle fibers in the embryo) remain, they are referred to as ______.

A

satellite cells

34
Q

• Connective tissue
External lamina
Endomysium
Perimysium
Fasciculus
Epimysium
• Fascia
• Nerve and blood vessels
Abundant

A

..

35
Q

The plasma membrane of a muscle cell is referred to as the ______.

________ - cytoplasm of the muscle fiber.

A

sarcolemma
Sarcoplasm

Anaphy (M) (2 decks)

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