Physiology of menstrual cycle Flashcards
How long is the follicular phase?
How long is the luteal phase?
14 days
14 days
FSH induces which cells to release more oestrogen?
Granulosa cells
What is oestrogen responsible for in reproductive system?
Secondary female characteristics
Develop breast tissue, vulva, vagina, uterus
Stimulate blood vessels in uterus and endometrium development
Thin cervical mucus - allowing sperm passage
Negative feedback on GnRH, FSH, LH
Which hormone’s rise causes ovulation?
LH
What does corpus luteum secrete?
Progesterone (most)
Oestrogen
Which day does ovulation occur
Usually 14th day in menstrual cycle
What is progesterone responsible for in reproductive system?
Released by corpus luteum after ovulation, released by placenta from 5-10 weeks.
Thicken and maintain endometrium
Thicken cervical mucus
Rise in body temperature
If the egg is fertilised, what hormone is released (from syncytiotrophoblast of embryo) that maintains the corpus luteum?
HCG
Corpus luteum breaks down, leading to reduction in which hormones and increase in which hormone?
Increase in FSH
Decrease in progesterone/oestrogen (menses)
Decrease in progesterone/oestrogen leads to what?
Break down of endometrium - menstruation
Which day does menstruation start of the menstrual cycle?
Day 1
Which layers are involved in the menses of menstruation?
Superficial and middle layers of the endometrium separate from the basal layer
How long does menstruation last?
1 - 8 days
When does LH spike happen?
Around 14 days
Just prior to ovulation (induces egg release from ovum)
What are the four stages of follicle development in the ovaries?
Primordial follicles
Primary follicles
Secondary follicles
Graafian follicles (antral)
