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Principles of Nutrition GIT Systems > Physiology of digestion in Non-Ruminants > Flashcards

Physiology of digestion in Non-Ruminants Flashcards

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1
Q

What does amylase do in saliva?

A

Hydrolyses starch

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2
Q

What does lingual lipase do in saliva?

A

Hydrolyses fats

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3
Q

What does hydrochloric acid do in the stomach?

A

Lowers the pH, kills bacteria, denatures proteins

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4
Q

Where is pepsinogen found?

A

The stomach

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5
Q

What is pepsinogen do?

A

The zymogen of pepsin

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6
Q

How is pepsinogen activated?

A

HCL and pepsin

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7
Q

What does pepsin do?

A

Partially digests protein, breaks peptide bonds, produces peptides and amino acids

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8
Q

What is renin also known as?

A

Chymosin

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9
Q

What does renin do?

A

Present in gastric juices and coagulates milk

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10
Q

What enzymes are found in the small intestine?

A

Luminal - secreted in lumen

Mucosal - found in the lining

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11
Q

How do pancreatic secretions work in the small intestine?

A

Chyme causes secretin release
Secretin stimulates release of bicarbonate
Digested food releases CCK
CCK stimulates amylase,

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12
Q

What is CCK?

A

Cholecystokinin - a hormone stimulating digestion of fat and protein

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13
Q

What are the 3 main protein enzymes?

A

Trypsinogen, Chymotrypsinogen, Procarboxpeptidase

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14
Q

What is used to convert trypsinogen into trypsin?

A

Enterokinase

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15
Q

What does trypsin do?

A

Acts on lysine bonds

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16
Q

What is used to convert chymotrypsinogen into chymotrypsin?

A

Trypsin

17
Q

What does chymotrypsin do?

A

Acts on peptide bonds?

18
Q

What is used to convert procarboxpeptidase to carboxypeptidase?

A

Trypsin

19
Q

What is the main enzyme used in starch digestion and how?

A

Amylase - hydrolyses alpha bonds, generate oligosaccharides

20
Q

What does bile do?

A

Product of cholesterol breakdown, stored in gall bladder,

21
Q

What is used in lipid digestion?

A

Lipase (ester bonds create tris to monos)
Colipase (anchors lipase onto lipid droplet)
Phospholipase - into phospholipids

22
Q

What happens in the large intestines?

A

Water and electrolyte absorbtion, mucus secretions, fermentation in colon and caecum

23
Q

What are the three nutrient absorbtion mechanisms?

A

Passive transport
Carrier transport
Pinocytosis - cell drinking

24
Q

What is a main site for absorbtion?

A

Jejunum

25
Q

What monosaccharide uses facilitated diffusion?

A

Glucose, others are sodium dependent

26
Q

What peptide relies on hydrogen active transport?

A

Peptides

Principles of Nutrition GIT Systems (3 decks)

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