Physiology of Breathing 1 Flashcards
By how much does our RR and metabolic rate increase during exercise?
RR: 20x, Metabolic Rate: 10x
How many percent of our body’s total energy is used in breathing?
Only 2-5%
How do you measure Oxygen Consumption (VO2)?
O2 entering- O2 exiting mouth
Standard value for VO2
250mL/min
Standard value for VCO2
200mL/min
How do you get the RQ (Respiratory Quotient)
VCO2/VO2
Highest rate at which O2 can be taken up and consumed by the body during intense exercise; Gold standard for measuring cardio-respiratory fitness in the lab
VO2 Max (Maximal O2 Uptake)
Central limitations to VO2 Max
a) Pulmo. Diffusion (exchange of O2 and CO2 between lungs and blood)
b) Cardiac Output: Product of HR and SV (CO= HR x SV); 70-85% of limitation is attributed to max. cardiac output
c) Blood volume and flow: O2 carrying capacity
Peripheral limitations fo VO2 Max
a) Muscle diffusion capacity
b) Mitochondrial enzyme levels (facilitation of ATP production in mito. by molecules)
c) Capillary density
Three things that cannot be measured by spirometry
FRC (funtional residual volume), RV (residual volume), and TLC (total lung capacity)
Forced Expiratory Volume or FEV is derived from
FEV/FVC = .8 or 80% of forcefully exhaled air
Shift from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism in intense exercise increases to about how many percent of maximal VO2?
50-60%
The point during exercise at which the body begins to increasingly rely on anaerobic metabolism to the degree that metabolic acid accumulates
Lactate Threshold
On which 2 factors does the Lactate/Anaerobic Threshold depend?
Ability to deliver oxygen to tissues (DO2)
and Ability of tissues to extract and use oxygen to support aerobic processes
During exercise, what happens to plasma epinephrine concentration, plasma potassium concentration, and body temperature?
They all increase
