Physiology of blood cells and haematological terminology Flashcards
What are the 2 main types of stem cell in the bone marrow?
- Pluripotent haemopoietic
2. Pluripotent lymphoid-myeloid
Recall the pathway of blood cell production from pluripotent haemotopoeitic stem cells
PHSC –> multipotent myeloid stem cell (MYELOBLAST) –> erythrocyte/ megakaryocyte/ granulocytes/ monocytes
Recall the pathway of blood cell production from pluripotent lymphoid-myeloid stem cell
PLMSC –> lymphoid stem cell (LYMPHOBLAST) –> T/B/ NK cell
What are the 2 pathways of stem cells following division?
- Self-renew
2. Produce mature progeny
Recall the location of erythropoietin production and the relative amounts produced in each location
90% - juxtatubular interstitial cells in kidney
10% - hepatocytes and liver interstitial cells
How is erythropoietin destroyed?
Phagocytic spleen cells
What 2 conditions can increase erythropoietin production?
Anaemia
Hypoxia
What is the intravascular life span of neutrophils?
7-10 hours
How are neutrophils attracted to sites of inflammation?
Chemotaxis (cytokines)
What is the main role of eosinophils?
Protection against parasitic infection
What is the main role of basophils?
Allergy
What is the origin of monocytes?
Myeloblasts
Recall the 2 functions of monocytes
- Scavenger/ phagocytic function
2. Storage and release of iron
What sort of cells do monocytes give rise to in the liver?
Kuppfer cells
How long do platelets last in the circulation?
10 days
What are the 3 main roles of platelets in primary haemostatis?
- Contribution of phospholipid
- Maintain integrity of endothelium
- Plug formation
Recall the life span of lymphocytes
Highly variable
What is the immediate precursor of platelets?
megakaryocytes
Define “anisocytosis”
Red cells showing more variation in SIZE than is normal