physiology

Question 1

how much does haemoglobin increase the carrying capacity of RBC

Answer 1

in red blood cells increases O2 carrying capacity to 200ml/L

Question 2

how many ml’s of oxygen can dissolve in plasma

Answer 2

3ml

Question 3

alveoli O2 partial pressure

Answer 3

100mmHg - oxygen tension

Question 4

oxygen demand of resting tissues

Answer 4

250ml/min 25% of 02 extracted at rest

Question 5

how many ml’s of oxygen binds to one gram of haemoglobin

Answer 5

1.34ml

Question 6

how long does oxygen saturation of haemoglobin take

Answer 6

Saturation is complete after 0.25s contact with alveoli (total contact time ~0.75s)

Question 7

CO’s affinity for haemoglobin is how many times greater than oxygens

Answer 7

250x

Question 8

what are the 5 types of hypoxia?

Answer 8

hypoxaemic 
anaemic 
stagnant 
histotoxic 
metabolic

Question 9

how is CO2 transported

Answer 9

7% in plasma
23% as deoxyhemoglobin to from cardamino compounds
70% form carbonic acid which dissaciates into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions

Question 10

hypoventilation causes

Answer 10

respiratory acidosis

Question 11

hyperventilation causes

Answer 11

alkalosis

Question 12

pulmonary ventilation

Answer 12

total air movement into/out of lungs

Question 13

Alveolar ventilation

Answer 13

fresh air getting to alveoli and therefore available for gas exchange (functionally much more significant!)

Question 14

what is atmospheric pressure

Answer 14

760mmHg

Question 15

Boyle’s Law

Answer 15

states that the pressure exerted by a gas is inversely proportional to to its volume (P a 1/V).

Question 16

Dalton’s Law

Answer 16

states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the pressures of the individual gases.

Question 17

Charles Law

Answer 17

states that the volume occupied by a gas is directly related to the absolute temperature (v a T)

Question 18

Henry’s Law

Answer 18

states that the amount of gas dissolved in a liquid is determined by the pressure of the gas and it’s solubility in the liquid

Question 19

intrapleural pressure is

Answer 19

-3 mm Hg subatmospheric

Question 20

transpulmonary pressure is

Answer 20

always positive

Question 21

average volumes exchanged in a minute

Answer 21

250ml oxygen

200ml carbon dioxide

Question 22

DRG is responsible for

Answer 22

setting the automatic rhythm of breathing

Question 23

acidosis stimulates

Answer 23

ventilation to be increases

Question 24

alkalosis stimulates

Answer 24

ventilation inhibition

Question 25

pulmonary circulation is

Answer 25

high flow, low pressure system system ~25mmHg

Question 26

tissue oxygen values

Answer 26

40 mmHg (5.3kPa)

Question 27

tissue carbon dioxide values

Answer 27

46 mm Hg 6.3kPA

Question 28

distribution of blood flow in the lungs is determined by

Answer 28

hydrostatic blood pressure and alveolar pressure