Physiology

Question 1

Cardioacceleratory centre

Answer 1

sympathetic neurons.

Question 2

Cardioinhibitory centre

Answer 2

parasympathetic fibers

Question 3

electrocardiograph which can detect the electrical currents of the heart
Can be detected with … ?

Answer 3

Leads or electrodes

Question 4

deflections above and below the baseline.
-Atrial depolarization (SA node) ?

Answer 4

The P wave

Question 5

deflections above and below the baseline.
Ventricular depolarization & atrial repolarization ?

Answer 5

The QRS complex.

Question 6

deflections above and below the baseline.
Ventricular repolarization?

Answer 6

The T wave

Question 7

action potential spreads through the atria and depolarizes them.

Answer 7

P wave

Question 8

small downward deflection called

Answer 8

called Q,

Question 9

tall sharp peak, called

Answer 9

R

Question 10

final downward deflection, called

Answer 10

S

Question 11

Atria repolarize here, then relax.

Answer 11

The QRS

Question 12

Ventricular contraction begins shortly

Answer 12

after the QRS complex.

Question 13

represents ventricular repolarization, immediately prior to ventricular relaxation.

Answer 13

T wave

Question 14

blood forced from heart chambers

Answer 14

contraction = systole

Question 15

heart fills with blood

Answer 15

relaxation = diastole

Question 16

-Produced as a result of the AV valves closing at the start of ventricular contraction
-When blood pushed up underneath valves

Answer 16

first heart sound (S1)

Question 17

Produced as a result of the semilunar valves closing at the beginning of ventricular relaxation

Answer 17

second sound (S2)

Question 18

When decrease in pressure allows backflow from large arteries

Answer 18

second sound (S2)

Question 19

The first heart sound S1 is known as

Answer 19

lubb

Question 20

lasts a little longer than the second sound S2 known as

Answer 20

dubb

Question 21

the amount of blood pumped out by each ventricle in 1 minute.

Answer 21

Cardiac output (CO)

Question 22

It is the product of the heart rate (HR) and the stroke volume (SV)

Answer 22

Cardiac output (CO)

Question 23

the volume of blood pumped out by a ventricle with each heartbeat.

Answer 23

Stroke volume

Question 24

increases as the force of ventricular contraction increases

Answer 24

Stroke volume

Question 25

Difference between CO at rest and maximum CO

Answer 25

Cardiac reserve

Question 26

total resistance against which blood must be pumped

Answer 26

PR

Question 27

The sympathetic center in the medulla of the brain is activated to cause

Answer 27

vasoconstriction

Question 28

Certain kidney cells release the enzyme … into the blood when BP ….

Answer 28

renin

drops

Question 29

The most common cell in blood is the …. Disc-shaped.

Answer 29

red blood cells

Question 30

No nucleus

Answer 30

Red blood cell

Question 31

Transport oxygen to the tissues.

Answer 31

Red blood cells

Question 32

Carbon dioxide from tissues to lungs.

Answer 32

RBC Function: Transport

Question 33

The largest blood cell

Answer 33

White blood cells

Question 34

have large nuclei.

Answer 34

White blood cells

Question 35

most abundant plasma protein, transport of many substances

Answer 35

Albumins

Question 36

Plasma protein

Answer 36

Albumins

Fibrinogen

Globulins

Question 37

Plasma can be separated from the other component blood using a

Answer 37

Centrifuge