Physiology Flashcards
What is villi?
finger like projection about 1mm in height
Where can intestinal glands (crypts of lieberkuhn) be found ?
Between the bases of the villi
intestinal glands secret
intestine juice
Brunner,s glands are found in the submucosa of
the duodenum
peyer,s patches are
aggregated Lymphoid tissue found in the ileum
the lining epithelial cells In the crypts are?(4)
- Undifferentiated, actively dividing cells
- Mucus-secreting goblet cells
- Various epithelial endocrine cells
- Paneth cells containing large eosinophilic granules, also contain lysozyme immunoglobulins
The epithelial cells lining the villi include?(3)
- The digestive absorptive columnar cells with brush border, called enterocytes
- Mucus secreting goblet cells
- A few endocrine epithelial cells
Actively proliferating cells in the crypts migrate on to the villus to become?
enterocytes
The microvilli of enterocytes are covered by
layer of glycocalyx (complex of polysaccharide & protein)
Brunner,s glands in the duodenum secrete ?
alkaline fluid that contains mucus but not enzymes
Intestinal juice is a turbid fluid with a fishy odour
No answer here
Enteropeptide activates …… to …..
trypsinogen to trypsin
Large intestine Differs from the small intestine in ?(5)
➢No No villivilli.
➢Higher number of goblet cells.Higher number of goblet cells.
➢Higher number of intestinal bacteria.Higher number of intestinal bacteria.
➢Have haustra in its wall.
➢ Presence of teniaeteniae coli (incomplete outer longitudinal smooth muscle in its wall)
INTESTINAL MOTILITY have Two types ?
1.Preistalsis : pushes food forward, 2.Segmentation (Mixing): mixes food with enzymes and exposes it to the intestinal surface for absorption .
pacemaker found in?
In the duodenum just above the opening of bile & pancreatic ducts .
small-bowel slow waves are called?
basal electric rhythm (BER),
BER
These are are spontaneous cyclic waves of smooth muscle depolarization & repolarization which are responsible for the coordination of intestine movements
BER
These are are spontaneous cyclic waves of smooth muscle depolarization & repolarization which are responsible for the coordination of intestine movements
Their frequency declines as they move
caudally
Segmentation contraction is
ring-like contractions of the circular muscle layer appear at regular intervals
The segmentation contraction may also have propulsive effect on contents
No answer here
Segmentation persist after ……… denervation, but disappear after destroying the ……..
extrinsic
intrinsic nerve plexus
Peristalsis is controlled by
intramural myenteric reflex
It persists after …… denervation & is abolished after destruction of……
extrinsic
intrinsic nerves
