Physiological Inquiry Flashcards
Afebrile
Without fever
Febrile/Pyrexia
A Fever with temps >38 degrees When the body cannot release excess heat fast enough. Internal temp rises along with WBC production.
Tympanic
The middle ear contains bones that transmit vibrations in the detection of sound.
Pulse
Arterial blood that is palpable at certain parts of the body, a circulatory system function indicator.
Apical Pulse
Pulse at the apex of the heart, located between the 5th and 6th intercostal space. This is used when cardiac output declines and the peripheral pulses are to difficult to palpate.
Dysrhythmia
Abnormal rhythm of the heart, could be a missed, late heartbeat or early heartbeat.
Bradycardia
Slow heart rate of < 60 bpm in adults.
Tachycardia
Fast heart rate of < 100 bpm in adults
Apnea
Temporary cessation of breathing.
Tachypnea
Rapid shallow breathing > 20 breaths/min
Bradypnea
Abnormally slow breathing < 12 breaths/min.
Pulse Deficit
Inefficient contraction of the heart that fails to transmit a pulse wave to the peripheral pulse site. Two people are needed to detect the deficit by taking the pulse rate of the apical and radial sites. The deficit is the difference between the apical and radial pulse.
Pulse Range for:
Adults
Child
Infant
60-100 bpm
80-120 bpm
70-190 bpm
Respiration rate for:
Adult
Adolescent
Child
Infant
Newborn
10-20 breaths/min.
16-20
20-30
30-50
30-60
Auscultatory Gap
The gap in sound when taking manual BP, occurs between the first and second Korotkoff sounds.
Cardiac Output
The volume of blood that is pumped by the heart in 1 minute.
Hypertension
Chronic high blood pressure of systolic >180 mmHg and Diastolic >110 mmHg.
Hypotension
Low BP Sys <90mmHg could be do to myocardial infarction or hemorrhage.
Orthostatic/Postural Hypotension
When a person with normal BP experiences low BP when going from sitting to standing, peripheral blood vessels in the legs constrict.
Systolic
Peak pressure during ventricular contraction. Maximum pressure exerted on the vessel walls. The first sound when taking BP
Diastolic
The pressure of the blood remaining in the vessels during ventricular relaxation. The minimal pressure exerted on the vessel walls. Last sound head when taking BP.
Pulse Pressure
The difference between the systolic and the diastolic.
Systolic-diastolic=pulse pressure.
Sphygmomanometer
Equipment use in reading blood pressure.
