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DPT: MAP 1 > Physiological Effects of Exercise > Flashcards

Physiological Effects of Exercise Flashcards

1
Q

MET Level = Light Intensity

A

less than 3 METs

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2
Q

MET Level = Moderate Intensity

A

3-6 METs

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3
Q

MET Level = Vigorous Intensity

A

> 6 METs`

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4
Q

Recommended Physical Activity

A

Moderate intensity aerobic (endurance) physical activity for a minimum of 30 minutes a week, 5 days a week
OR
Vigorous intensity aerobic (endurance) physical activity for 20 minutes three days a week

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5
Q

Cardiac Output Equation

A

Heart rate x Stroke Volume

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6
Q

Systole

A

contraction phase; ejects 2/3 blood in ventricles

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7
Q

Diastole

A

Relaxation phase; during exercise, an increase in HR due to a decreased time in diastole

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8
Q

Distribution of Blood Flow During Exercise

A

arterioles dilate to allow blood to flow to areas that need it (muscles) and arterioles constrict to viscera not active; veins force blood in the extremities back towards the heart, while one way valves prevent backflow of blood; vasodilation reduces total peripheral resistance

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9
Q

Factors Influencing Stroke Volume

A

improved venous return (increased EDV-more stretch), sympathetic NS, contraction strength(the more that comes in, the more that goes out)

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10
Q

Factors Influencing Heart Rate

A

sympathetic nervous system

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11
Q

Pulse Pressure

A

Systolic- diastolic pressure

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12
Q

Mean Arterial Pressure

A

diastolic + 1/3 (pulse pressure); the perfusion pressure in the internal organs; must be above 60 to sustain organs

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13
Q

Blood Pressure during Arm v. Leg exercises

A

Arm exercises lead to higher SBP/DBP than leg exercises at the same percentage of VO2 max

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14
Q

Pulmonary Ventilation

A

V = Vt (tidal volume) x f (breathing frequency); the amount of air moved in and out of the lungs per minute

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15
Q

Control of Ventilation

A

respiratory control center receives neural and humoral input from the muscles (feedback from sensory info) and from CO2 levels in the blood; regulates respiratory rate

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16
Q

Ventilatory Control (Graph)

A

peripheral chemoreceptors and skeletal muscle receptors send info to the respiratory control center, which sends info to the midbrain, which then sends info to the respiratory muscles

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17
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

receive input from PP of CO2 and H+ in the carotid and aortic arch and send sensory impulses to the respiratory control center in the medulla

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18
Q

How much does oxygen demand of the muscle increase during heave exercise?

A

15-25%

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19
Q

How does the body respond to exercise to enable working muscles to get the oxygen rich blood they need?

A

mass discharge of sympathetic nervous system; increased arterial BP, increased CO; vasodilation in active mm;

20
Q

How does the body regulate venous return of blood from the working skeletal muscles back to the heart?

A

skeletal muscle pump; vasoconstriction of blood vessels returning blood; one way valves keep blood from falling back

21
Q

Normal SBP response?

A

for every MET increase, SBP should increase by 10 +/- 2 mmHg

22
Q

When NOT to exercise (HR, SBP, DBP, O2)

A

HR >120 or 200mmHg or 110 mmHg

O2 Sats

23
Q

When NOT to exercise- symptoms

A

unstable angina (chest pain), mental confusion, leg pain at rest (could be a blocked artery), cyanosis, increasing SOB, severe fatigue; acute illness

24
Q

When to STOP Exercise

A

Decrease or stable heart rate with increased load; SBP >220 or decrease >10 during activity; DBP >110 or +/- 10 over baseline; O2 stats

25
Q

MET Level = Moderate Intensity

A

3-6 METs

26
Q

MET Level = Vigorous Intensity

A

> 6 METs`

27
Q

Recommended Physical Activity

A

Moderate intensity aerobic (endurance) physical activity for a minimum of 30 minutes a week, 5 days a week
OR
Vigorous intensity aerobic (endurance) physical activity for 20 minutes three days a week

28
Q

Cardiac Output Equation

A

Heart rate x Stroke Volume

29
Q

Systole

A

contraction phase; ejects 2/3 blood in ventricles

30
Q

Diastole

A

Relaxation phase; during exercise, an increase in HR due to a decreased time in diastole

31
Q

Distribution of Blood Flow During Exercise

A

arterioles dilate to allow blood to flow to areas that need it (muscles) and arterioles constrict to viscera not active; veins force blood in the extremities back towards the heart, while one way valves prevent backflow of blood; vasodilation reduces total peripheral resistance

32
Q

Factors Influencing Stroke Volume

A

improved venous return (increased EDV-more stretch), sympathetic NS, contraction strength(the more that comes in, the more that goes out)

33
Q

Factors Influencing Heart Rate

A

sympathetic nervous system

34
Q

Pulse Pressure

A

Systolic- diastolic pressure

35
Q

Mean Arterial Pressure

A

diastolic + 1/3 (pulse pressure); the perfusion pressure in the internal organs; must be above 60 to sustain organs

36
Q

Blood Pressure during Arm v. Leg exercises

A

Arm exercises lead to higher SBP/DBP than leg exercises at the same percentage of VO2 max

37
Q

Pulmonary Ventilation

A

V = Vt (tidal volume) x f (breathing frequency); the amount of air moved in and out of the lungs per minute

38
Q

Control of Ventilation

A

respiratory control center receives neural and humoral input from the muscles (feedback from sensory info) and from CO2 levels in the blood; regulates respiratory rate

39
Q

Ventilatory Control (Graph)

A

peripheral chemoreceptors and skeletal muscle receptors send info to the respiratory control center, which sends info to the midbrain, which then sends info to the respiratory muscles

40
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

receive input from PP of CO2 and H+ in the carotid and aortic arch and send sensory impulses to the respiratory control center in the medulla

41
Q

How much does oxygen demand of the muscle increase during heave exercise?

A

15-25%

42
Q

How does the body respond to exercise to enable working muscles to get the oxygen rich blood they need?

A

mass discharge of sympathetic nervous system; increased arterial BP, increased CO; vasodilation in active mm;

43
Q

How does the body regulate venous return of blood from the working skeletal muscles back to the heart?

A

skeletal muscle pump; vasoconstriction of blood vessels returning blood; one way valves keep blood from falling back

44
Q

Normal SBP response?

A

for every MET increase, SBP should increase by 10 +/- 2 mmHg

45
Q

When NOT to exercise (HR, SBP, DBP, O2)

A

HR >120 or 200mmHg or 110 mmHg

O2 Sats

46
Q

When NOT to exercise- symptoms

A

unstable angina (chest pain), mental confusion, leg pain at rest (could be a blocked artery), cyanosis, increasing SOB, severe fatigue; acute illness

47
Q

When to STOP Exercise

A

Decrease or stable heart rate with increased load; SBP >220 or decrease >10 during activity; DBP >110 or +/- 10 over baseline; O2 stats

DPT: MAP 1 (2 decks)

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