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physiological changes Flashcards

1
Q

Blood plasma

A

increase due to oestrogen and progesterone resulting in water and salt retention via RAAS activation

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2
Q

RBC change

A

increase - not completely in proportion to plasma

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3
Q

Maternal anaemia

A

as a result of not complete proportional increase in RBC production alongside plasma v

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4
Q

blood volume change?

A

overall increase to prepare for blood loss during delivery

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5
Q

is there a change in the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood

A

yes - increase

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6
Q

HCT change?

A

overall decrease as RBC increase is less than PV increase

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7
Q

signs of hypovolaemic shock

A

tachycardia and hypotension - watch out for DIC

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8
Q

preload

A

increase

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9
Q

stroke volume

A

increase

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10
Q

CO

A

increasE

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11
Q

PVR

A

decrease to facilitate vasodilation - this results in a decrease in BP in the first trimester

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12
Q

when does BP return to normal aka prepregnancy

A

second trimester

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13
Q

what causes decrease PVR

A

oestrogen and progesterone

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14
Q

cause of maternal hypotension in second trimester

A

baby compressing aorta

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15
Q

coagulatbility unchanged t or f

A

hypercoagulable due to high levels of oestrogen

aids haemostasis during delivery and minimises PPH

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16
Q

protein S

A

decreased

17
Q

protein C and antithrombin III

A

no change

18
Q

which clotting factors are increased

A

ANY THAT WILL IMPROVE HAEMOSTASIS - minus plasminogen - but this should assist in fibrinolysis when needed during delivery

19
Q

anabolic phase when

A

first twenty weeks

20
Q

respiratory rate

A

increase

21
Q

peak flow

A

no change

22
Q

oxygen conc of arteries

A

increase

23
Q

CO2

A

decrease

24
Q

tidal volume

A

the tide is high and I’m holding on (increase) just like their belly

25
Q

minute volume

A

increase

26
Q

vital capacity

A

unchanged

27
Q

functional residual capacity

A

decreased - less functional residual capacity because they got a belly
- happens at the third trimester as the uterus is sitting underneath the diaphragm

28
Q

progesterone is responsible for which changes in the respiratory system of mothers

A

stimulates the respiratory centres
increases the sensitivity of chemoreceptors to CO2, leading to a small increase in resp rate
promotes relaxation of the bronchial smooth muscle

29
Q

2,3-DPG increase of decrease during pregnancy

A

increase as this will increase oxygen transfer in the periphery
will shift the oxygen dissociation curve to the right favouring unloading of oxygen int he periphery and aiding placental oxygen transfer

30
Q

GFR

A

increase

31
Q

serum creatinine and urea

A

fall due to increased blood flow resulting in increased filtration and excretion

32
Q

extra cals needed

A

in third trim you need an extra 300 cals cause its catabolic

repro (12 decks)

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