Physio: Insulin and Glucagon Flashcards
1
Q
Major effects on glucagon on the liver.
A
Glycogenolysis Gluconeogenesis Lipolysis Ketoacid production Urea production
2
Q
Major amino acid that stimulate glucagon secretion
A
Arginine
3
Q
Neurotransmitters that stimulate glucagon release.
A
NE, Epi, ACh
4
Q
3 major amino acids that stimulate insulin release.
A
Arginine, Lysine, Leucine
5
Q
Hormone that inhibits both Insulin and Glucagon release.
A
somatostatin
6
Q
Effect of insulin on plasma potassium levels.
A
Decrease in plasma potassium
-insulin stimulates potassium uptake into cells
7
Q
Hormone co-released with insulin to enhance the effects of insulin.
A
Amylin
8
Q
Effect on insulin on plasma cholesterol and TGs.
A
Insulin inhibits lipolysis, cholesterol synthesis, and ketogenesis.
Lack of insulin causes increased plasma fatty acids, cholesterol, and ketone bodies
9
Q
Very general pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome.
A
- Sedentary lifestyle, poor eating habits, and obesity lead to an accumulation of visceral fat.
- Visceral fat stimulates inflammatory cytokines and other mediators which lead to insulin resistance, atherosclerotic plaque formation and vasoconstriction
