Physio: Thyroid

Question 1

When are TSH levels the highest in a normal healthy patient?

Answer 1

Morning

Question 2

What are the two general actions that TH has on all cells with a TH-R?

Answer 2

Activation of gene transcription through a steroid hormone pathway.

Stimulation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.

Question 3

What effects does TH have on the CNS and development?

Answer 3

-Inhibits nerve cell replication
-Stimulates growth of nerve cell bodies, dendrites and rate of axon myelination
(hyperthyroidism can cause nervousness, hypo causes listlessness)

Question 4

What effects does TH have on body growth?

Answer 4

• Stimulates somatotropes to produce GH

- Stimulate bone calcification and structural enzyme production

Question 5

What effects does TH have on the Autonomic Nervous System?

Answer 5

Stimultes expression of Beta-1 adrenergic receptors on the heart

Question 6

What effects does TH have on metabolism?

Answer 6

• Increased heat production
• Stimulate Ox Phos in the mitochondria
• increased BMR, carb, and lipid metabolism
• weight loss

Question 7

What effects does TH have on the cardio and respiratory systems?

Answer 7

Incraesed HR, contractility, and respiration

Question 8

Describe the pathogenesis of Hashimoto Disease.

Answer 8

Body over produces anti-TPO Abs

(Anti-TPO Abs are produced naturally in the body as a negative feedback mechanism to prevent hyperthyroidism. In this disease they are over-produced. These Abs are also higher in conc. in Graves Disease because the body is trying to suppress the excessive TH production)